The influence of geographic life environments on cardiometabolic risk factors: a systematic review, a methodological assessment and a research agenda
The influence of geographic life environments on cardiometabolic risk factors: a systematic review, a methodological assessment and a research agenda
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-789x.2010.00726.x
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发表时间：
2011-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
Chaix, B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Leal, C.;Chaix, B.
最近的环境变化在工业化国家的心脏代谢危险因素（CMRF）如肥胖、高血压、2型糖尿病、血脂异常和代谢综合征的患病率急剧增加中发挥了作用。因此，确定与风险因素相关的环境特征对于制定更有效的公共卫生干预措施至关重要。我们进行了系统的文献调查地理生活环境和CMRF（131篇文章）之间的关系。大多数研究都是在2006年之后发表的，依赖于横断面设计，并研究了社会人口和物理环境特征，以及最近的服务环境特征是否与肥胖或在较小程度上与高血压相关。仅检索到14项纵向研究;糖尿病、血脂异常和代谢综合征很少得到分析;邻里社会互动方面的研究严重不足。与肥胖或高血压相关的环境特征包括低地区社会经济地位;低城市化程度;低街道交叉口，服务可用性和居住密度;高噪音污染;低超市可达性和高密度便利店;和低社会凝聚力。环境特征和CMRF之间的中间机制很少受到关注。我们提出了一个研究议程的基础上评估调查不足的研究领域和方法的局限性，目前的文献。
P>Recent environmental changes play a role in the dramatic increase in the prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs) such as obesity, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemias and the metabolic syndrome in industrialized countries. Therefore, identifying environmental characteristics that are associated with risk factors is critical to develop more effective public health interventions. We conducted a systematic review of the literature investigating relationships between characteristics of geographic life environments and CMRFs (131 articles). Most studies were published after 2006, relied on cross-sectional designs, and examined whether sociodemographic and physical environmental characteristics, and more recently service environment characteristics, were associated with obesity or, to a lesser extent, hypertension. Only 14 longitudinal studies were retrieved; diabetes, dyslipidemias and the metabolic syndrome were rarely analysed; and aspects of social interactions in the neighbourhood were critically underinvestigated. Environmental characteristics that were consistently associated with either obesity or hypertension include low area socioeconomic position; low urbanization degree; low street intersection, service availability and residential density; high noise pollution; low accessibility to supermarkets and high density of convenience stores; and low social cohesion. Intermediate mechanisms between environmental characteristics and CMRFs have received little attention. We propose a research agenda based on the assessment of underinvestigated areas of research and methodological limitations of current literature.