Human cytomegalovirus infection and T cell immunosenescence: A mini review
Human cytomegalovirus infection and T cell immunosenescence: A mini review
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DOI：
10.1016/j.mad.2006.01.011
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发表时间：
2006-06-01
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Pawelec, Graham
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Koch, Sven;Solana, Rafael;Pawelec, Graham
哺乳动物的免疫系统保护生物体免受病原体，可能还有癌症的侵害，但众所周知，随着年龄的增长，免疫系统会变得失调。这导致老年人因传染病而发病率和死亡率更高。最重要的变化发生在T细胞免疫中，有时表现为有限抗原特异性细胞克隆扩增的改变和T细胞抗原受体库的显著缩小。与此同时，有独立报道称，巨细胞病毒血清阳性与许多相同的T细胞变化有关，这些变化被确定为免疫衰老的生物标志物。现在已经很清楚，CMV通常是大多数老年人中CD8细胞寡克隆扩增和表型和功能改变的驱动力。这些变化在百岁老人身上不那么明显，在纵向研究显示具有“免疫风险概况”的人群中最为极端。这是一组免疫参数，巨细胞病毒血清阳性是其中一个组成部分，可预测老年人群的早期死亡率。综上所述，这些发现表明，巨细胞病毒作为慢性抗原应激源的持续存在是导致免疫衰老和相关死亡率的主要因素。2006爱思唯尔爱尔兰有限公司版权所有。
The mammalian immune system defends the organism against pathogens, and possibly cancer, but is known to become dysregulated with increasing age. This results in greater morbidity and mortality due to infectious disease in old people. The most important changes occur in T cell immunity, manifested sometimes dramatically as altered clonal expansions of cells of limited antigen specificity and a marked shrinkage of the T cell antigen receptor repertoire. At the same time, it was independently reported that CMV seropositivity was associated with many of the same T cell changes that were being identified as biomarkers, of immune ageing. It has now become clear that CMV is commonly the driving force behind the oligoclonal expansions and altered phenotypes and functions of CD8 cells seen in most old people. These changes are much less obvious in centenarians and most extreme in people whom longitudinal studies have shown to possess an "immune risk profile". This is a cluster of immunological parameters of which CMV seropositivity is one component and which predicts incipient mortality in an elderly population. Taken together, these findings suggest the hypothesis that persistence of CMV as a chronic antigenic stressor is a major contributor to immunosenescence and associated mortality. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.