Towards a resolution of the personality triad: Persons, situations, and behaviors
Towards a resolution of the personality triad: Persons, situations, and behaviors
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jrp.2005.08.003
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发表时间：
2006-02-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Funder, DC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Funder, DC
人格中的变异与不变的问题经常出现在不同形式的“人-情境”辩论中，这场辩论基于对行为的个人和情境决定之间的错误二分法。总结了以前报道的数据，这些数据展示了在保持个体一致性的同时，行为如何作为微妙的情景变化的函数而变化。进一步的讨论考虑了行为不变性的个人来源，行为变异的情景来源，人与情景的互动，行为的性质，以及人、情景和行为的“人格三位一体”，其中每个元素都是根据其他两个因素来理解和预测的。未来研究的一个重要目标是进一步发展概念化和测量情境和行为的功能方面的理论和方法。个人情境辩论之所以持续存在，一个原因可能是它代表了一场关于平等与个性、决定论与自由意志、灵活性与一致性等更深层次的、隐含的价值观辩论。然而，这些价值二分法可能就像它们隐含地推动的人与情景的辩论一样是错误的。(C)2005 Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。
The issue of the variant vs. invariant in personality often arises in different forms of the "person-situation" debate, which is based on a false dichotomy between the personal and situational determination of behavior. Previously reported data are summarized that demonstrate how behavior can vary as a function of subtle situational changes while individual consistency is maintained. Further discussion considers the personal source of behavioral invariance, the situational source of behavioral variation, the person-situation interaction, the nature of behavior, and the "personality triad" of persons, situations, and behaviors, in which each element is understood and predicted in terms of the other two. An important goal for future research is further development of theories and methods for conceptualizing and measuring the functional aspects of situations and of behaviors. One reason for the persistence of the person situation debate may be that it serves as a proxy for a deeper, implicit debate over values such as equality vs. individuality, determinism vs. free will, and flexibility vs. consistency. However, these value dichotomies may be as false as the person-situation debate that they implicitly drive. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.