Polarity and intracellular compartmentalization of Drosophila neurons.
Polarity and intracellular compartmentalization of Drosophila neurons.
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DOI：
10.1186/1749-8104-2-7
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发表时间：
2007-04-30
影响因子：
3.6
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中科院分区：
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正常的神经元功能依赖于形成三个主要的亚细胞隔室：轴突、树突和胞体。每个隔室都有专门的功能(轴突发送信息，树突接收信息，而胞体是大多数细胞组件产生的地方)。在哺乳动物神经元中，每个初级隔室都有独特的分子和形态特征，以及具有更特殊功能的较小的区域，如轴突起始段。神经元亚细胞隔间是如何建立和维持的还不是很清楚。对果蝇的遗传学研究为神经生物学的其他领域提供了洞察力，但由于尚未对果蝇神经元亚细胞组织进行全面分析，目前尚不清楚苍蝇是否是研究神经元极性的好系统。在这里，我们使用新的和以前的特征标记来检查果蝇的神经元隔间。我们发现：轴突和树突可以积累不同的微管结合蛋白；蛋白质合成机制集中在细胞体；突触前和突触后位置定位于神经元的不同区域；以及类似于初始片段的特化。此外，我们跟踪了EB1-GFP的动力学，并确定轴突和树突中的微管具有相反的极性。我们的结论是，果蝇将成为研究神经元室的建立和维持的强大系统。
Proper neuronal function depends on forming three primary subcellular compartments: axons, dendrites, and soma. Each compartment has a specialized function (the axon to send information, dendrites to receive information, and the soma is where most cellular components are produced). In mammalian neurons, each primary compartment has distinctive molecular and morphological features, as well as smaller domains, such as the axon initial segment, that have more specialized functions. How neuronal subcellular compartments are established and maintained is not well understood. Genetic studies in Drosophila have provided insight into other areas of neurobiology, but it is not known whether flies are a good system in which to study neuronal polarity as a comprehensive analysis of Drosophila neuronal subcellular organization has not been performed. Here we use new and previously characterized markers to examine Drosophila neuronal compartments. We find that: axons and dendrites can accumulate different microtubule-binding proteins; protein synthesis machinery is concentrated in the cell body; pre- and post-synaptic sites localize to distinct regions of the neuron; and specializations similar to the initial segment are present. In addition, we track EB1-GFP dynamics and determine microtubules in axons and dendrites have opposite polarity. We conclude that Drosophila will be a powerful system to study the establishment and maintenance of neuronal compartments.