Investigating the rates and impacts of near misses and related incidents among UK cyclists
Investigating the rates and impacts of near misses and related incidents among UK cyclists
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jth.2015.05.006
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发表时间：
2015-09-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Crosweller, Sian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aldred, Rachel;Crosweller, Sian
本文调查了英国骑自行车者中非伤害事件的发生情况，力求 (i) 生成可与伤害率进行比较的比率，(ii) 分析影响事故率的因素，以及 (iii) 分析影响事故对骑车者影响的因素。我们从 1692 个自行车旅行阶段 (1) 和事故的在线日记中收集了有关非伤害骑车“事件”（未遂事故和其他可怕和/或烦人事件）的数据，参与者提前在特定日期报名。经过数据清理和编码后，创建了一个数据集，涵盖英国境内发生的 1532 个日记日和 3994 条事件记录。计算事故率并与骑自行车者的受伤风险进行比较。使用交叉制表和回归来确定影响事故发生率的因素以及事故对骑车人的影响。与轻伤不同，令人恐惧或恼人的非伤害事故是大多数在英国骑自行车的人的日常经历。对于经常骑自行车的人来说，平均每周都会遇到“非常可怕”的事件（按 0-3 等级评定为 3 级），每月都会遇到故意攻击事件。对于短距离和慢速旅行的人来说，每英里非伤害事故发生的频率更高。 55 岁以上的人、周末和早高峰以外骑自行车的人风险较低。涉及机动车辆的事故，尤其是涉及大型车辆的事故，比不涉及机动车辆的事故更可怕。未遂事故和其他非伤害事故在英国很普遍，可能对骑行体验和接受度产生重大影响。政策和研究应首先针对最可怕的事件类型，例如非常近距离的通行和涉及大型车辆的事件。需要进一步关注骑自行车者中代表性不足的群体的经历，例如短途旅行的女性。 (C) 2015 年作者。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版
The paper investigates the occurrence of non-injury incidents among cyclists in the UK, seeking to (i) generate a rate that can be compared with injury rates, (ii) analyse factors affecting incident rates, and (iii) analyse factors affecting the impact of incidents on cyclists.We collected data on non-injury cycling 'incidents' (near misses and other frightening and/or annoying incidents) from 1692 online diaries of cycle trip stages(1) and incidents, participants having signed up in advance for a specific day. Following data cleaning and coding, a dataset was created covering 1532 diary days and 3994 records of incidents occurring within the UK. Incident rates were calculated and compared to injury risks for cyclists. Cross-tabulation and regression were used to identify factors affecting incident rates and the effect an incident has on the cyclist.Frightening or annoying non-injury incidents, unlike slight injuries, are an everyday experience for most people cycling in the UK. For regular cyclists 'very scary' incidents (rated as 3 on a 0-3 scale) are on average a weekly experience, with deliberate aggression experienced monthly. Per mile, non-injury incidents were more frequent for people making shorter and slower trips. People aged over 55 were at lower risk, as were those cycling at the weekend and outside the morning peak. Incidents that involved motor vehicles, especially those involving larger vehicles, were more frightening than those that did not.Near miss and other non-injury incidents are widespread in the UK and may have a substantial impact on cycling experience and uptake. Policy and research should initially target the most frightening types of incident, such as very close passes and incidents involving large vehicles. Further attention needs to be paid to the experiences of groups under-represented among cyclists, such as women making shorter trips. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.