Reactive oxygen species induce sclerotial formation in Morchella importuna
Reactive oxygen species induce sclerotial formation in Morchella importuna
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DOI：
10.1007/s00253-018-9104-4
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发表时间：
2018-09-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Dong, Caihong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Liu, Qizheng;Zhao, Zehui;Dong, Caihong
羊肚菌是最受重视的食药用菌之一，中国近年来实现了室外栽培。菌核形成是羊肚菌生活史上最重要的阶段之一，菌核数量的多少反映了羊肚菌栽培过程中菌种质量的好坏。然而，菌核的形成和分化机制却知之甚少。本研究对羊肚菌菌核形成过程及活性氧对菌核形成的影响进行了研究。菌丝形成分为五个不同的阶段：菌丝早期、菌丝生长、菌核形成、发育和成熟。菌核形成区菌丝肿胀、变暗、致密，菌核形成区有过氧化氢积累。所测试的所有六个超氧化物歧化酶基因的表达随着菌核的成熟而增加。过氧化氢浓度相差20 mM可促进菌核分化，诱导超氧化物歧化基因的表达。MAPK信号通路被激活，它们将信号从高氧化应激区传递到低氧化应激区，以启动菌核形成。了解重要根结线虫菌核形成机制，有助于了解其生活史，有利于子实体培养。
Morels are some of the most highly prized edible and medicinal mushrooms, and the outdoor cultivation has been achieved in China in recent years. Sclerotial formation is one of the most important phases during the morel life cycle, and the number of sclerotia indicates the spawn quality during cultivation. However, the sclerotial formation and differentiation mechanisms are poorly understood. In this study, the sclerotial formation process of Morchella importuna and the effects of reactive oxygen species on scerotial formation were studied. Scerotial formation was defined as five distinctive phases, hypha early, hyphal growth, sclerotial initiation, development, and maturation. The mycelia in the sclerotium-forming area were swollen, darkened, and dense with sclerotial formation, but hydrogen peroxide accumulated in the region lacking sclerotial formation. The expression of all six genes for superoxide dismutases tested increased with sclerotial maturation. A difference in hydrogen peroxide concentration of 20 mM could promote the sclerotial initiation and induce expression of sod genes. The MAPK signaling pathway was activated, and they passed the signal from an area of high oxidative stress to a low area to initiate sclerotial formation. An understanding of the sclerotial formation mechanisms in M. importuna may help to understand the life cycle and facilitate the fruiting body cultivation.