Productivity Change and Mine Dynamics: The Coal Industry in Japan during World War II
Productivity Change and Mine Dynamics: The Coal Industry in Japan during World War II
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DOI：
10.1515/jbwg-2014-0012
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发表时间：
2012
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. Okazaki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Okazaki
摘要20世纪30年代和40年代，日本煤炭工业经历了生产和劳动生产率的巨大波动。在本文中，我探讨了劳动生产率变化的微观方面，在第二次世界大战期间，煤炭工业使用矿井级的数据，从官方统计数据和煤炭控制协会（Sekitan Toseikai）的原始文件汇编。这一时期的煤炭行业呈现出市场结构动态变化的特点：一批煤矿进入和退出行业，现有煤矿的份额发生了重大变化。这些矿山动态对生产力有重大影响。在战争初期，许多低生产率的矿山进入工业，大大降低了平均劳动生产率。政府和煤炭控制协会在战争期间实施了将资源和生产集中在高效矿井的政策，这遏制了平均劳动生产率的下降。尽管战争期间环境恶化，日本的煤炭生产仍维持得相当好。使这成为可能的因素之一是资源重新分配政策。
Abstract In the 1930s and 1940s, the Japanese coal industry experienced huge fluctuations in production and labor productivity. In this paper, I explore the micro-aspects of labour productivity change in the coal industry during World War II using mine-level data, compiled from official statistics and original documents of the Coal Control Association (Sekitan Toseikai). The coal industry in this period was characterized by dynamic changes in market structure: a number of mines entered and exited the industry, and shares of incumbent mines changed substantially. These mine dynamics had significant implications on productivity. In the early stage of the war, many low productivity mines entered the industry which considerably reduced average labor productivity. The government and the Coal Control Association implemented a policy to concentrate resources and production on efficient mines during the war, which curbed the decline in average labor productivity. Despite the deteriorating environment during the war, coal production in Japan was maintained fairly well. One of the factors that made this possible was the policy of resource reallocation.