Propagation of errors and quantitative quantum simulation with quantum advantage
Propagation of errors and quantitative quantum simulation with quantum advantage
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误差的传播与量子优势的定量量子模拟
DOI：
10.1088/2058-9565/ac88f5
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发表时间：
2022-04
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
S. Flannigan;N. Pearson;G. Low;A. Buyskikh;I. Bloch;P. Zoller;M. Troyer;A. Daley
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Flannigan;N. Pearson;G. Low;A. Buyskikh;I. Bloch;P. Zoller;M. Troyer;A. Daley
量子计算和模拟硬件的快速发展引起了人们对这些设备可能超过现有经典计算机和已知方法的能力的问题的极大兴趣。除了测试量子器件的性能之外，解决这些问题是重要的一步，而多体猝灭动力学的量子模拟是最有希望实现早期实用量子优势的候选之一。我们分析了光学晶格中含有中性原子和囚禁离子的模拟量子模拟器对定量可靠的量子模拟的要求，超出了现有经典方法的能力。在Hubbard或长程横场伊辛模型的研究中，考虑到模拟器件中误差的主要来源以及它们在失超后如何传播，我们确定了从实验中提取的量的预期误差水平。对于可直接实现的模型，我们得出的结论是，在当前的模拟模拟器实验中，获得了实际量子优势的区域。我们还确定了硬件要求，以达到与未来容错数字量子模拟相同的精度水平。验证技术已经可以用来测试我们在这里做出的假设，在实验中演示这些假设将是重要的下一步。
The rapid development in hardware for quantum computing and simulation has led to much interest in problems where these devices can exceed the capabilities of existing classical computers and known methods. Approaching this for problems that go beyond testing the performance of a quantum device is an important step, and quantum simulation of many-body quench dynamics is one of the most promising candidates for early practical quantum advantage. We analyse the requirements for quantitatively reliable quantum simulation beyond the capabilities of existing classical methods for analogue quantum simulators with neutral atoms in optical lattices and trapped ions. Considering the primary sources of error in analogue devices and how they propagate after a quench in studies of the Hubbard or long-range transverse field Ising model, we identify the level of error expected in quantities we extract from experiments. We conclude for models that are directly implementable that regimes of practical quantum advantage are attained in current experiments with analogue simulators. We also identify the hardware requirements to reach the same level of accuracy with future fault-tolerant digital quantum simulation. Verification techniques are already available to test the assumptions we make here, and demonstrating these in experiments will be an important next step.