Ex vivo neurogenesis within enteric ganglia occurs in a PTEN dependent manner.

Ex vivo neurogenesis within enteric ganglia occurs in a PTEN dependent manner.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0059452
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发表时间:
2013
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Pasricha PJ
Pasricha PJ
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Becker L;Peterson J;Kulkarni S;Pasricha PJ

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从人类和啮齿类动物的成年肠道中分离出一群能够分化为神经元和神经胶质细胞的多能干细胞。虽然这些细胞可能为肠神经系统(ENS)的神经发生提供干细胞库,但这种功能很难在体内证明。Joseph等人对108只大鼠和51只小鼠进行了广泛的研究,结果表明,只有1只大鼠对胸腺嘧啶类似物BrdU进行了神经元摄取。在这里,我们介绍了一种利用体外器官型组织培养系统研究ENS神经发生的新方法。培养纵肌和肌丛组织,我们发现肠神经系统具有巨大的复制能力,大多数神经嵴细胞在48小时内表现出EdU的摄取。EdU+细胞同时表达神经元和胶质标记物。增殖似乎依赖于PTEN/PI3K/Akt通路,PTEN mRNA表达减少,PTEN磷酸化(失活)增加,对应于Akt活性和增殖的增加。bpV(phen)抑制PTEN可增强增殖,而PI3K抑制剂LY294002可阻断其增殖。这些数据表明ENS能够以PTEN依赖的方式进行神经发生。
A population of multipotent stem cells capable of differentiating into neurons and glia has been isolated from adult intestine in humans and rodents. While these cells may provide a pool of stem cells for neurogenesis in the enteric nervous system (ENS), such a function has been difficult to demonstrate in vivo. An extensive study by Joseph et al. involving 108 rats and 51 mice submitted to various insults demonstrated neuronal uptake of thymidine analog BrdU in only 1 rat. Here we introduce a novel approach to study neurogenesis in the ENS using an ex vivo organotypic tissue culturing system. Culturing longitudinal muscle and myenteric plexus tissue, we show that the enteric nervous system has tremendous replicative capacity with the majority of neural crest cells demonstrating EdU uptake by 48 hours. EdU+ cells express both neuronal and glial markers. Proliferation appears dependent on the PTEN/PI3K/Akt pathway with decreased PTEN mRNA expression and increased PTEN phosphorylation (inactivation) corresponding to increased Akt activity and proliferation. Inhibition of PTEN with bpV(phen) augments proliferation while LY294002, a PI3K inhibitor, blocks it. These data suggest that the ENS is capable of neurogenesis in a PTEN dependent manner.
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