Spatial scale effects of water erosion dynamics: Complexities, variabilities, and uncertainties
Spatial scale effects of water erosion dynamics: Complexities, variabilities, and uncertainties
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s11769-012-0524-2
复制
发表时间：
2012-03
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Wei Wei-Wei;Liding Chen;Lei Yang;B. Fu;R. Sun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wei Wei-Wei;Liding Chen;Lei Yang;B. Fu;R. Sun
严重的水侵蚀对陆地水资源和当地社会的有害影响众所周知。然而，在真实的世界中，水蚀的尺度效应极大地增加了精确评估和灾害控制的难度。因此，分析相关的规模问题是迫切需要更好地了解侵蚀的变化，以及减少这种侵蚀。在这篇综述文章中，水蚀动力学跨越三个空间尺度，包括地块，流域和区域尺度进行了选择和讨论。就研究目的和目标而言，这些尺度的优缺点都表现出明显的空间-尺度依赖性。样地尺度的研究主要集中在丰富的数据收集和侵蚀产生的机制判别，而流域尺度的研究提供了有价值的信息，流域管理和灾害控制，以及定量分布式模型的开发。区域研究更多地侧重于大规模侵蚀评估，为决策者和利益攸关方奠定综合土地利用监管政策的基础。研究结果表明，不同尺度的水蚀变化的驱动力和机制有很大的不同。因此，几个主要方面有助于在整个尺度上的水蚀变化强调：在不同尺度的方法，不同的汇-源作用的水蚀过程中，不同的气候带和形态区域的差异。在全球变化加速的背景下，这种可变性变得更加复杂。气候因子和地表特征的变化是造成水蚀空间变异性增加的第四个主要原因。
Severe water erosion is notorious for its harmful effects on land-water resources as well as local societies. The scale effects of water erosion, however, greatly exacerbate the difficulties of accurate erosion evaluation and hazard control in the real world. Analyzing the related scale issues is thus urgent for a better understanding of erosion variations as well as reducing such erosion. In this review article, water erosion dynamics across three spatial scales including plot, watershed, and regional scales were selected and discussed. For the study purposes and objectives, the advantages and disadvantages of these scales all demonstrate clear spatial-scale dependence. Plot scale studies are primarily focused on abundant data collection and mechanism discrimination of erosion generation, while watershed scale studies provide valuable information for watershed management and hazard control as well as the development of quantitatively distributed models. Regional studies concentrate more on large-scale erosion assessment, and serve policymakers and stakeholders in achieving the basis for regulatory policy for comprehensive land uses. The results of this study show that the driving forces and mechanisms of water erosion variations among the scales are quite different. As a result, several major aspects contributing to variations in water erosion across the scales are stressed: differences in the methodologies across various scales, different sink-source roles on water erosion processes, and diverse climatic zones and morphological regions. This variability becomes more complex in the context of accelerated global change. The changing climatic factors and earth surface features are considered the fourth key reason responsible for the increased variability of water erosion across spatial scales.