Aggressor or protector? Experiences and perceptions of violence predict preferences for masculinity
Aggressor or protector? Experiences and perceptions of violence predict preferences for masculinity
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DOI：
10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2017.03.004
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发表时间：
2017-07-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Perrett, David I.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Borras-Guevara, Martha Lucia;Batres, Carlota;Perrett, David I.
女性对男性伴侣的偏好可以从遗传健康的角度来解释。然而，男性气质和健康之间的证据是有争议的，因此，对男性气质偏好的其他解释反映了收入不平等和保护免受暴力。因此，这项研究旨在测试暴露于暴力的影响（即，对来自哥伦比亚首都波哥大和周边小城镇的妇女和男子的个人男子气概偏好进行了调查。153名成人参与者（平均年龄+/- S.D. = 31.3 +/- 9.4），均为异性恋，根据与健康有关的指标进行了调查（例如，饮用水的获取，疾病的频率），媒体的获取（例如，电视和互联网接入），教育（例如，高中毕业，上大学）和遭受暴力（例如，抢劫/袭击的频率、暴力带来的危险感）。参与者做出了两种选择，偏好强制选择萨尔瓦多农村和欧洲男性面孔的男性化和女性化版本。我们发现，暴露于较高暴力水平的男性和女性更喜欢不那么阳刚的男性面孔，尽管这种影响只对女性有意义。此外，暴力暴露的影响更相关的萨尔瓦多刺激。在控制了参与者的年龄、教育程度、接触媒体的机会和健康相关因素后，暴力行为对解释男子气概偏好做出了重大贡献。这些偏好可能反映了妇女避免男性暴力的策略，表明接触暴力对人际吸引很重要。(C)2017爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
Women's preferences for masculine male partners have been explained in terms of heritable health. The evidence between masculinity and health, however, is controversial and therefore, alternative explanations for masculinity preferences reflecting income inequality and protection from violence have been proposed. This study thus aimed to test the effect of exposure to violence (i.e., experiences of robberies and perceptions of danger) on the individual masculinity preferences of women and men from the capital city of Colombia, Bogota, and surrounding small towns. One hundred and fifty three adult participants (mean age +/- S.D. = 31.3 +/- 9.4), all heterosexual, were surveyed in reference to indicators related to health (e.g., drinking water access, frequency of illnesses), access to media (e.g., television and internet access), education (e.g., graduating from high school, attending university) and exposure to violence (e.g., frequency of robberies/attacks, feelings of danger from violence). Participants made two alternatives, preference forced-choice for masculinized and feminized versions of both rural Salvadoran and European male faces. We found that men and women exposed to higher levels of violence preferred less masculine male faces, although this effect was only significant for women. Additionally, the effect of violence exposure was more relevant for the Salvadoran stimuli. Violence contributed significantly to explaining masculinity preferences after controlling for participant age, education, access to media, and health-related factors. These preferences may reflect women's strategy to avoid male violence demonstrating that exposure to violence matters in interpersonal attraction. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.