Identification and characterization of the CONSTANS-like gene family in the short-day plant Chrysanthemum lavandulifolium
Identification and characterization of the CONSTANS-like gene family in the short-day plant Chrysanthemum lavandulifolium
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DOI：
10.1007/s00438-014-0977-3
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发表时间：
2015-06-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Dai, Silan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fu, Jianxin;Yang, Liwen;Dai, Silan
CONSTANS（CO）和CONSTANS-like（COL）基因在光周期开花途径中起关键作用，研究它们的功能有助于阐明光周期调控植物开花的分子机制。通过系统发育分析，将熏衣草中11个COL基因（ClCOL 1-ClCOL 11）分为3个类群。大多数ClCOL基因主要在叶和茎尖中表达，除了ClCOL 6-ClCOL 9，其属于组II。ClCOL 4-ClCOL 5和ClCOL 7-ClCOL 8的表达水平在诱导性短日照（SD）条件下上调，而ClCOL 6在诱导性SD条件下下调。ClCOL基因表现出四种不同的昼夜节律表达（I型-IV型）。I型基因（ClCOL 4-ClCOL 5）在光照下高度转录。II型基因（ClCOL 1-ClCOL 2，ClCOL 10）在黑暗中表达增加，在光照下迅速被抑制。ClCOL 6-ClCOL 9和ClCOL 11的转录本属于III型，在光照后期或黑暗期开始时大量存在。ClCOL 3属于IV型，在光照早期和黑暗期高表达。ClCOL 4-ClCOL 6基因在无诱导的夜间休息（NB）和长日照（LD）条件下的表达峰值降低和推迟，表明这些基因可能在柑橘开花调控中起重要作用。熏衣草ClCOL 5的过表达促进了在LD条件下生长的拟南芥的开花，表明ClCOL 5可能在拟南芥中起开花增强剂的作用。熏衣草这一研究不仅对研究C.熏衣草的开花过程依赖于光周期，但也为开花时间相关基因的遗传操作，以改变菊花的开花时间。
The CONSTANS (CO) and CONSTANS-like (COL) genes play key roles in the photoperiodic flowering pathways, and studying their functions can elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying flowering control in photoperiod-regulated plants. We identified eleven COL genes (ClCOL1-ClCOL11) in Chrysanthemum lavandulifolium and divided them into three groups that are conserved among the flowering plants based on phylogenetic analysis. Most of the ClCOL genes are primarily expressed in the leaf and shoot apices, except for ClCOL6-ClCOL9, which belong to Group II. The expression levels of ClCOL4-ClCOL5 and ClCOL7-ClCOL8 are up-regulated under inductive short-day (SD) conditions, whereas ClCOL6 is down-regulated under inductive SD conditions. The ClCOL genes exhibit four different diurnal rhythm expressions (Type I-Type IV). The Type I genes (ClCOL4-ClCOL5) are highly transcribed under light. The Type II genes (ClCOL1-ClCOL2, ClCOL10) display increased expression in darkness and are rapidly suppressed under light. Transcripts of ClCOL6-ClCOL9 and ClCOL11, belonging to Type III, are abundant in the late light period or at the beginning of the dark period. ClCOL3 belongs to Type IV, with high expression in the early light period and dark period. The peak expression levels of ClCOL4-ClCOL6 are decreased and postponed in the non-inductive night break (NB) and under long-day (LD) conditions, indicating that those genes may play an essential role in the flowering regulation of C. lavandulifolium. The overexpression of ClCOL5 promotes the flowering of Arabidopsis grown under LD conditions, suggesting that ClCOL5 may function as a flowering enhancer in C. lavandulifolium. This study will be useful not only for the study of the C. lavandulifolium photoperiod-dependent flowering process but also for the genetic manipulation of flowering time-related genes to change the flowering time in the chrysanthemum.