Two-year-olds will name artifacts by their functions
Two-year-olds will name artifacts by their functions
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DOI：
10.1111/1467-8624.00228
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发表时间：
2000-09-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Jones, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nelson, DGK;Russell, R;Jones, K
幼儿在命名人工制品时是否考虑了功能信息？在词汇分类的三项研究中，112名2岁的儿童学习新的名称与新的功能，然后扩展到新的对象的新的工件的名称。这些物体被设计成具有以简单而引人注目的方式与其物理结构的可感知方面存在因果关系的功能。尽管只有很少的机会让孩子们熟悉这些物品，但他们还是根据物品的功能来概括这些名称。即使当孩子们必须自己发现命名对象的功能时（实验2），以及当所有测试对象都有一些可辨别的功能时（实验3），也会得到这个结果。两岁的奥尔兹在能够理解人工制品的外观和功能之间的关系时，就能通过功能来命名。
Do young children take functional information into account in naming artifacts? In three studies of lexical categorization, 112 children 2 years of age learned new names for novel artifacts with novel functions and then extended the names to new objects. The objects were designed to have functions that were causally related in simple and compelling ways to perceptible aspects of their physical structure. Despite only minimal opportunity to familiarize themselves with the objects, children generalized the names in accordance with the objects' functions. This result obtained even when children had to discover the functions of the named objects on their own (Experiment 2) and when all the test objects had some discernible function (Experiment 3). Two-year-olds name by function when they can make sense of the relation between the appearances and the functions of artifacts.