Uncertain victory: Social democracy and progressivism in European and American thought 1870–1920
Uncertain victory: Social democracy and progressivism in European and American thought 1870–1920
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不确定的胜利：1870-1920年欧洲和美国思想中的社会民主主义和进步主义
DOI：
10.1016/0191-6599(88)90162-3
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发表时间：
1988
影响因子：
0.3
通讯作者：
John A. S. Hall
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
John A. S. Hall
这本雄心勃勃的长书试图重新解读1870年至1920年间欧洲和美国的思想史。整个企业的一个主要宗旨是，对自由主义的类似反思发生在相当不同的环境中，我们当然了解到了许多关于各种个人和机构联系的情况。欧洲思想的这种m取向被认为是分两个阶段发生的。这本书的第一部分认为，六位哲学家--威廉·狄尔泰、T·格林、亨利·西奇威克、阿尔伯特·福伊莱、威廉·詹姆斯和约翰·杜威--为现代思想和行动创造了一种新的范式。这一新范式的症结被认为是一种认识论，它基于主动的知性主体面对真实的物质问题--这一观点在早期杜威的软达尔文主义中达到了某种程度的顶峰。这种重新定位导致了对历史的更大欣赏，而这反过来又被认为导致了一种“理性仁爱的伦理”。然而，克伦伯格敏锐地辩称，这一群体从理论转向实践的尝试是失败的。他们的模式过于高雅；他们提出的愿景没有考虑到他们社会中最明显的权力要素。这本书的后半部分致力于第二代人，他们确实成功地产生了政治上的成功。人们认为，两种截然不同的智力流汇聚在一起，使这一点成为可能。一个流派由不同的左翼思想家组成-韦布斯、让·焦尔斯、伯恩斯坦和美国最著名的两位成员
This long and ambitious book seeks to reinterpret the intellectual history of Europe and the United States between 1870 and 1920. A major tenet of the whole enterprise is that a similar rethinking of liberalism was occurring in rather different settings, and we certainly learn a great deal about various personaland institutional contacts. This m-orientation of European thought is held to have occurred in two stages. The first part of the book argues that the work of six philosopher~ wilhelm Dilthey, TH Green, Henry Sidgwick, Albert Fouillee, William James and John Dewey-created a new paradigm for modem thought and action. The crux of this new paradigm is held to be an epistemology based upon an active knowing subject confronting real material problems-a view which reached something of an apogee in the soft Darwinism of the early Dewey. This reorientation led to a greater appreciation of history, and this in turn is held to have led to an ‘ethics of rational benevolence’. Klop~ nberg perceptively argues, however, that the attempt of this group to move from theory to practice was a failure. Their paradigm was too highbrow; they presented a vision which took no account of the most obvious elements of power in their society. The second half of the book is devoted to a second generation which did manage to produce successful politics. Two rather different intellectual streams are held to have converged to make this possible. One stream comprised of various leftist thinkers-the Webbs, Jean Jaures, Bernstein and the two most prominent members of the American