Mu opioid receptors in rat ventral medulla: effects of endomorphin-1 on phrenic nerve activity
Mu opioid receptors in rat ventral medulla: effects of endomorphin-1 on phrenic nerve activity
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DOI：
10.1016/s1569-9048(03)00173-3
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发表时间：
2003-11-14
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Pilowsky, PM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lonergan, T;Goodchild, AK;Pilowsky, PM
解剖学和体外研究表明，前Brotzinger复合体神经元上的μ阿片受体（莫尔）负责阿片诱导的呼吸抑制（Grey等人，Science 286（1999）1566）。然而，在腹侧呼吸组（VRG）的其他区域中，在体内注射μ阿片激动剂产生呼吸抑制，表明阿片类药物广泛分布在VRG中。因此，我们重新检查了莫尔在腹侧延髓的分布，并发现MOR免疫反应神经元和终末的所有分区的VRG。此外，我们确定，在大鼠中，莫尔激动剂（内吗啡肽-1，10 mM，60 nl，单侧），微量注射到不同的分区的VRG，膈神经活动的影响。在整个VRG中，内吗啡肽-1引起膈神经频率和振幅的变化。出乎意料的是，内吗啡肽-1微量注射到Botzinger和pre-Botzinger复合体一致增加膈神经频率。这些结果支持莫尔在VRG中的广泛分布，并且还表明内吗啡肽-1（假定的内源性配体）可能差异地调节呼吸。(C)2003 Elsevier B. V.保留所有权利。
Anatomical and in vitro studies suggest that mu opioid receptors (MOR) on pre-Brotzinger complex neurons are responsible for opioid induced respiratory depression (Grey et al., Science 286 (1999) 1566). However, mu opioid agonists injected in vivo, in other regions of the ventral respiratory group (VRG), produce respiratory depression, suggesting that opioids are widely distributed in the VRG. We therefore re-examined the distribution of the MOR in the ventral medulla and found MOR-immumoreactive neurons and terminals in all subdivisions of the VRG. Furthermore, we determined, in rats, the effects of a MOR agonist (endomorphin-1, 10 mM, 60 nl, unilateral), microinjected into different subdivisions of the VRG, on phrenic nerve activity. Endomorphin-1 produced changes in phrenic nerve frequency and amplitude, throughout the VRG. Unexpectedly, endomorphin-1 microinjected into the Botzinger and pre-Botzinger complexes consistently increased phrenic nerve frequency. These results support the widespread distribution of MOR in the VRG and also indicate that endomorphin-1, a postulated endogenous ligand, may differentially regulate respiration. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.