Radiative Effects on Tropical Cyclone Development in Different Life Stages
Radiative Effects on Tropical Cyclone Development in Different Life Stages
复制标题
不同生命阶段的辐射对热带气旋发展的影响
DOI：
10.1175/mwr-d-21-0337.1
复制
发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Takemi Tetsuya
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xu Menggeng;Takemi Tetsuya
热带气旋(TC)是一种强大的旋转风暴，通常起源于温暖的热带海洋，并造成强风和暴雨；如果它在陆地上移动，通常是一种涉及人类生命和财产的自然灾害。这项工作利用天气研究和预报(WRF)模式研究了变化的辐射强迫对两个台风案例--台风狮子石(2016)和台风哈吉比斯(2019)--演变的影响。Hagibis是一个快速强化和快速移动的TC，而LionRock逐渐发展并且移动缓慢。对短波和长波辐射加热率进行了大量的灵敏度实验。这项研究检查了每个实验的潜热和辐射加热。敏感性模拟成员之间的显著差异表明辐射效应可以强烈地影响热带气旋的发展。对非绝热热源的分析表明，在云团形成眼壁之前，云团与晴空长波冷却速率不同的差异冷却效应可以促进低层入流，增加云团的相对湿度。如果初始相对湿度较低，这种影响就变得很重要，因为在没有差动冷却的情况下，相对湿度仍然很低，这可能会促进冷池的产生，从而阻止气旋的发展。在形成眼壁后，由于辐射加热/冷却的垂直梯度引起的温度下降速率的变化和由于辐射加热/冷却引起的暖核的变化都可以影响TC的强度；然而，净影响可能取决于这些影响的大小。
A tropical cyclone (TC) is a powerful, rotating storm that typically originates over warm tropical oceans and creates strong winds and heavy rain; it is usually a natural disaster with respect to human life and property if it moves over land. This work examines effects of varying radiative forcing on the evolution of two typhoon cases—Typhoon Lionrock (2016) and Typhoon Hagibis (2019)—with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model. Hagibis was a rapidly intensifying and quickly moving TC, whereas Lionrock gradually developed and was slow moving. Numerous sensitivity experiments in which shortwave and longwave radiative heating rates were modified were conducted. This study examined latent heating and radiative heating for each experiment. Substantial differences between the sensitivity simulation members indicated that radiative effects can strongly influence TC development. The analysis of diabatic heating sources shows that, before eyewall formation, the differential cooling effect, which indicates that longwave cooling rates between cloud clusters and clear sky differ, can promote low-level inflow and increase relative humidity in the cloud clusters. If the initial relative humidity is low, this effect becomes important because, without differential cooling, the relative humidity remains low, which can promote the generation of cold pools that will prevent cyclone development. After eyewall formation, both the change in temperature lapse rate due to a vertical gradient of radiative heating/cooling and the change in the warm core due to radiative heating/cooling can affect the intensity of a TC; however, the net effect may depend on the magnitude of these influences.