New insights into non-avian dinosaur reproduction and their evolutionary and ecological implications: linking fossil evidence to allometries of extant close relatives.
New insights into non-avian dinosaur reproduction and their evolutionary and ecological implications: linking fossil evidence to allometries of extant close relatives.
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对非avian恐龙繁殖及其进化和生态含义的新见解：将化石证据与现有近亲的同种异体联系起来。
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0072862
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Griebeler EM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Werner J;Griebeler EM
据推测，高繁殖能力导致了大型恐龙类群独特的巨人症。为了推断有关恐龙繁殖的更多信息，我们为已灭绝的非鸟类恐龙的现存系统发育支架（鸟类、鳄鱼和陆龟）建立了体重和不同繁殖性状（卵量、产卵量、年产卵量）之间的异速性。异速生长适用于九种非鸟类恐龙类群（兽脚亚目、鸭嘴龙和蜥脚类动物），目前可以获得相关性状的化石估计。我们发现大多数恐龙的繁殖特征与体型相似或放大的现存爬行动物或鸟类一致。被认为更像鸟类的兽脚亚目动物的繁殖特征确实与鸟类一致，而蜥脚类动物的繁殖特征则更符合爬行动物。鸭嘴龙的生殖特征与爬行动物和鸟类相对应。除马骨椎龙外，所有研究的恐龙与爬行动物和鸟类都存在蛋与体重的中间关系。相比之下，恐龙的群体要么与鸟类（兽脚亚目）的异速发育预测的群体相匹配，要么与爬行动物（所有其他类群）的群体相匹配。研究的兽脚亚目恐龙可能每年产一窝。对于蜥脚类动物和鸭嘴龙来说，预计每年产卵不止一窝。与目前的假设相反，大型恐龙的年产蛋数量（AEN）并不特别高。与现有模型无关，对于所研究的任何类群，估计恐龙 AEN 不超过 850 个蛋（75,000 公斤蜥脚类动物）。由于不切实际的假设，这个估计的最大值可能是高估的。根据大多数 AEN 的估计，所研究的恐龙每年产下的蛋不到 200 个。只有中型到大型蜥脚类恐龙的 AEN 估计值较高（200-400 个蛋）。我们的结果提供了新的（可测试的）假设，特别是对于化石记录中记录不充分或缺乏的生殖特征。这有助于理解它们的进化。
It has been hypothesized that a high reproductive output contributes to the unique gigantism in large dinosaur taxa. In order to infer more information on dinosaur reproduction, we established allometries between body mass and different reproductive traits (egg mass, clutch mass, annual clutch mass) for extant phylogenetic brackets (birds, crocodiles and tortoises) of extinct non-avian dinosaurs. Allometries were applied to nine non-avian dinosaur taxa (theropods, hadrosaurs, and sauropodomorphs) for which fossil estimates on relevant traits are currently available. We found that the reproductive traits of most dinosaurs conformed to similar-sized or scaled-up extant reptiles or birds. The reproductive traits of theropods, which are considered more bird-like, were indeed consistent with birds, while the traits of sauropodomorphs conformed better to reptiles. Reproductive traits of hadrosaurs corresponded to both reptiles and birds. Excluding Massospondylus carinatus , all dinosaurs studied had an intermediary egg to body mass relationship to reptiles and birds. In contrast, dinosaur clutch masses fitted with either the masses predicted from allometries of birds (theropods) or to the masses of reptiles (all other taxa). Theropods studied had probably one clutch per year. For sauropodomorphs and hadrosaurs, more than one clutch per year was predicted. Contrary to current hypotheses, large dinosaurs did not have exceptionally high annual egg numbers (AEN). Independent of the extant model, the estimated dinosaur AEN did not exceed 850 eggs (75,000 kg sauropod) for any of the taxa studied. This estimated maximum is probably an overestimation due to unrealistic assumptions. According to most AEN estimations, the dinosaurs studied laid less than 200 eggs per year. Only some AEN estimates obtained for medium to large sized sauropods were higher (200-400 eggs). Our results provide new (testable) hypotheses, especially for reproductive traits that are insufficiently documented or lacking from the fossil record. This contributes to the understanding of their evolution.
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系统基因分析支持海龟作为姊妹鸟类和鳄鱼（Archosauria）的位置。
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Chiari Y;Cahais V;Galtier N;Delsuc F
通讯作者：
Delsuc F
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Griebeler EM;Klein N;Sander PM
通讯作者：
Sander PM
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
BLUEWEISS, L;FOX, H;SAMS, S
通讯作者：
SAMS, S
DOI：
10.1016/0034-5687(77)90062-7
发表时间：
1977-01-01
期刊：
RESPIRATION PHYSIOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
ACKERMAN, RA
通讯作者：
ACKERMAN, RA
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
HORNER, JR;WEISHAMPEL, DB
通讯作者：
WEISHAMPEL, DB