The sweet and bitter sides of galectins in melanoma progression
The sweet and bitter sides of galectins in melanoma progression
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1755-148x.2012.01026.x
复制
发表时间：
2012-09-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Bar-Eli, Menashe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Braeuer, Russell R.;Shoshan, Einav;Bar-Eli, Menashe
黑色素瘤是皮肤癌相关死亡的主要原因，这在很大程度上是由于其侵袭性行为、对治疗的耐药性以及转移到多个器官（如淋巴结、肺和脑）的能力。黑色素瘤的发展是一个循序渐进的过程，从良性痣到真皮径向扩散，再到垂直侵入期，最后到转移。乳糖凝集素的碳水化合物结合家族通过其对免疫监视、血管生成、细胞迁移、肿瘤细胞粘附和细胞对化疗反应的影响，对黑色素瘤进展的每个阶段都有很强的影响。凝集素在碳水化合物识别结构域（CRD）上具有显著的同源性，该结构域介导与肿瘤细胞、内皮细胞、t细胞表面的一系列n -糖基化蛋白以及类似的糖基化细胞外基质蛋白的结合。半乳糖凝集素也存在于肿瘤细胞中，它们具有抗凋亡功能，增强细胞内信号传导，导致与肿瘤进展有关的基因表达失调。研究最广泛的半乳糖凝集素，半乳糖凝集素-1和半乳糖凝集素-3，已被证明通过影响许多这些生物过程对黑色素瘤的生长和转移有深远的影响。
Melanoma is the leading cause of skin cancer-related deaths, which is due in large part to its aggressive behavior, resistance to therapy, and ability to metastasize to multiple organs such as the lymph nodes, lung, and brain. Melanoma progresses in a stepwise manner from the benign nevus, to radial spreading through the dermis, to a vertical invasive phase, and finally to metastasis. The carbohydrate-binding family of galectins has a strong influence on each phase of melanoma progression through their effects on immune surveillance, angiogenesis, cell migration, tumor cell adhesion, and the cellular response to chemotherapy. Galectins share significant homology in their carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD), which mediates binding to an array of N-glycosylated proteins located on the surface of tumor cells, endothelial cells, T-cells, and to similarly glycosylated extracellular matrix proteins. Galectins are also present within tumor cells where they perform anti-apoptotic functions and enhance intracellular signaling that results in deregulated expression of genes involved in tumor progression. The most extensively studied galectins, galectin-1 and galectin-3, have been shown to have profound effects on melanoma growth and metastasis by influencing many of these biological processes.