How many flowering plants are pollinated by animals?
How many flowering plants are pollinated by animals?
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1600-0706.2010.18644.x
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发表时间：
2011-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Tarrant, Sam
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ollerton, Jeff;Winfree, Rachael;Tarrant, Sam
显然，大多数开花植物是由昆虫和其他动物授粉的，少数利用非生物花粉媒介，主要是风。然而，对于大约352,000种被子植物与传粉者相互作用的比例，目前还没有准确的公开计算。被广泛引用的数字从67%到96%不等，但这些数字并不是基于确切的数据。我们使用已发表和未发表的关于植物授粉系统的社区水平调查来估计由动物授粉的开花植物的数量和比例，这些调查记录了存在的每个物种是由动物授粉还是由风授粉。动物授粉物种比例从温带群落的平均78%上升到热带群落的94%。通过对开花植物的纬向多样性趋势进行校正，我们估计全球动物授粉被子植物的数量和比例为308006，占开花植物物种水平多样性估计的87.5%。鉴于目前对传粉者减少及其可能对自然社区和农作物造成的影响的担忧，这样的估计对生态学家和政策制定者来说都是至关重要的。需要进一步的研究来详细评估这些植物对传粉者的绝对依赖，以及这种依赖如何随纬度和群落类型的变化而变化，但毫无疑问，植物与传粉者的相互作用在维持大多数陆地生态系统的功能完整性方面发挥着重要作用。
It is clear that the majority of flowering plants are pollinated by insects and other animals, with a minority utilising abiotic pollen vectors, mainly wind. However there is no accurate published calculation of the proportion of the ca 352 000 species of angiosperms that interact with pollinators. Widely cited figures range from 67% to 96% but these have not been based on firm data. We estimated the number and proportion of flowering plants that are pollinated by animals using published and unpublished community-level surveys of plant pollination systems that recorded whether each species present was pollinated by animals or wind. The proportion of animal-pollinated species rises from a mean of 78% in temperate-zone communities to 94% in tropical communities. By correcting for the latitudinal diversity trend in flowering plants, we estimate the global number and proportion of animal pollinated angiosperms as 308 006, which is 87.5% of the estimated species-level diversity of flowering plants. Given current concerns about the decline in pollinators and the possible resulting impacts on both natural communities and agricultural crops, such estimates are vital to both ecologists and policy makers. Further research is required to assess in detail the absolute dependency of these plants on their pollinators, and how this varies with latitude and community type, but there is no doubt that plant-pollinator interactions play a significant role in maintaining the functional integrity of most terrestrial ecosystems.