The UK National Minimum Wage in Retrospect
The UK National Minimum Wage in Retrospect
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英国国家最低工资回顾
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Wadsworth
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Dolton;Chiara Rosazza Bondibene;J. Wadsworth
本文回顾总结了自1999年实施以来，英国国家最低工资对劳动力市场表现的影响。我们使用“增量差异”（IDiD）估计，通过其对当地劳动力市场的差异影响来研究每年NMW的影响。我们发现，NMW与分配的下半部分工资不平等的显着下降有关。这表明，NMW“咬”更多的地理区域比其他地方经历了更大的工资不平等下降。虽然国家最低工资对平均就业率的总体影响是中性的，但我们确实发现，从2003年起，就业方面的积极影响很小。同样，近几年来，国家最低工资与失业之间的关系一直是负面的。NMW对工作时间的影响好坏参半，但总体而言，没有令人信服的证据表明NMW上调对全职总工作时间产生了不利影响。尽管这些结果是明确的，但对它们的任何因果解释都可能受到可能与NMW“咬”相关的伴随政策的影响。
This paper provides a retrospective summary of the effects of the UK national minimum wage (NMW) on labour market performance since its introduction in 1999. We use an ‘incremental differences-in-differences’ (IDiD) estimator to look at the effects of the NMW in each year through its differential impact across local labour markets. We find that the NMW is associated with a significant fall in wage inequality in the bottom half of the distribution. This suggests that geographical areas where the NMW ‘bites’ more have experienced larger declines in wage inequality than elsewhere. While the overall effect of the NMW on employment rates averaged over its existence is neutral, we do find small positive employment effects from 2003 onwards. Likewise, the association of the NMW with unemployment has been negative in recent years. NMW effects on hours have been mixed, but overall there is no compelling evidence to indicate that the NMW upratings have had an adverse effect on full-time total hours of work. Notwithstanding the clarity of these results, any causal interpretation of them might be compromised by the presence of concomitant policies that might have been correlated with the ‘bite’ of the NMW.