New Developments in the Calorimetry of High-Temperature Materials
New Developments in the Calorimetry of High-Temperature Materials
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DOI：
10.1016/j.eng.2019.03.003
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发表时间：
2019-07
期刊：
影响因子：
12.8
通讯作者：
A. Navrotsky
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Navrotsky
热力学构成了反应性、转化和稳定性的基本基础，并控制着合成、腐蚀和降解、环境运输、催化和生物反应性等过程。在材料领域，通过各种非平衡合成和加工方法获得的新化合物、多晶型、有机-无机杂化材料和金属有机骨架、高熵合金以及多相和纳米相材料的丰富已经超出了现有的热力学数据，阻碍了对合成途径、材料兼容性和使用寿命、降解、腐蚀和溶解的现有理解，并限制了我们对新材料的环境污染和传输的理解。在地质和环境科学中，对复杂矿物的热力学数据也有类似的需求。无论是在太阳系还是在太阳系以外，行星系统中的新化学都令人兴奋，这需要广泛的热力学方法。材料科学、地球和行星科学以及环境科学的需求既相互重叠又相辅相成。因此，地球/行星科学和材料科学之间的界限越来越大。与此同时，工业的快速发展导致对改进材料的需求日益增加，以及更好地表征它们和研究它们的性质的方法，以便在大范围内解释不同的现象和工艺故障。通过这种方式，基础热力学和应用热力学正日益紧密地联系在一起，使狭义的“纯科学”成为过去，而跨学科研究、新型和混合材料以及学术界和工业研发领域的广泛合作将成为新的未来。
Thermodynamics forms the fundamental underpinning of reactivity, transformation, and stability, and controls processes such as synthesis, corrosion and degradation, environmental transport, catalysis, and biological reactivity. In the materials field, the wealth of new compounds, polymorphs, hybrid organic–inorganic hybrid materials and metal organic frameworks, high-entropy alloys, and multiphase and nanophase materials attained by a variety of non-equilibrium synthesis and processing methodologies has outrun the available thermodynamic data, hampering current understanding of synthetic pathways, materials compatibility, and longevity during use, degradation, corrosion, and dissolution, and limiting our understanding of environmental contamination and transport for new materials. In the geological and environmental sciences, similar needs exist for thermodynamic data for complex minerals. The excitement of new chemistry in planetary systems, both in our solar system and beyond, requires a broad-scale thermodynamic approach. The needs of materials science, earth and planetary science, and environmental science are both overlapping and complementary. Thus the boundaries between earth/planetary and materials science are increasingly porous.At the same time, rapid developments in industry have resulted in an increasing need for improved materials, along with better ways to characterize them and study their properties, in order to explain different phenomena and process failure on a large scale. In this way, fundamental and applied thermodynamics are being brought ever closer together, making narrowly defined “pure science” a thing of the past and interdisciplinary studies, novel and hybrid materials, and broad collaborations across academia and industrial R&D the new future.