From Human to Data to Dataset: Mapping the Traceability of Human Subjects in Computer Vision Datasets

From Human to Data to Dataset: Mapping the Traceability of Human Subjects in Computer Vision Datasets
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从人类到数据到数据集:在计算机视觉数据集中绘制人类受试者的可追溯性

DOI:
10.1145/3579488
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发表时间:
2023
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Fiesler, Casey
Fiesler, Casey
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Scheuerman, Morgan Klaus;Weathington, Katy;Mugunthan, Tarun;Denton, Emily;Fiesler, Casey

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计算机视觉是一个“数据饥渴”的领域。从事以人为中心的计算机视觉(如面部识别)的研究人员和从业者强调,需要大量数据来构建更强大、更准确的模型。人类被视为可以转换为数据集的数据资源。数据的必要性导致了从容易获得的来源收集数据的扩散,包括来自网络的“公共”数据。然而,公共数据的使用对数据集中的人类受试者具有重大的伦理影响。我们将关于使用公开获取的数据的道德规范的学术对话与对与计算机视觉应用相关的隐私和代理的关注联系起来。具体来说,我们研究如何从公共数据的数据集建设的做法,不仅从网站,而且从公共设置和公共记录,使人类受试者跟踪他们的图像,因为它们被收集,转换成数据集,分发使用,并在某些情况下,收回。我们讨论了两个相互关联的障碍,目前的数据实践提供了一个道德的可追溯性为人类受试者:意识和控制。最后,我们总结了实现数据主体可追溯性的关键干预点。我们还提供了改进可追溯性道德的建议,以便在数据集策展实践中实现对单个主题的意识和控制。
Computer vision is a "data hungry" field. Researchers and practitioners who work on human-centric computer vision, like facial recognition, emphasize the necessity of vast amounts of data for more robust and accurate models. Humans are seen as a data resource which can be converted into datasets. The necessity of data has led to a proliferation of gathering data from easily available sources, including "public" data from the web. Yet the use of public data has significant ethical implications for the human subjects in datasets. We bridge academic conversations on the ethics of using publicly obtained data with concerns about privacy and agency associated with computer vision applications. Specifically, we examine how practices of dataset construction from public data-not only from websites, but also from public settings and public records-make it extremely difficult for human subjects to trace their images as they are collected, converted into datasets, distributed for use, and, in some cases, retracted. We discuss two interconnected barriers current data practices present to providing an ethics of traceability for human subjects: awareness and control. We conclude with key intervention points for enabling traceability for data subjects. We also offer suggestions for an improved ethics of traceability to enable both awareness and control for individual subjects in dataset curation practices.
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