Jupiter's Multi-Year Cycles of Temperature and Aerosol Variability From Ground-Based Mid-Infrared Imaging
Jupiter's Multi-Year Cycles of Temperature and Aerosol Variability From Ground-Based Mid-Infrared Imaging
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来自地面中红外成像的木星温度和气溶胶变化的多年周期
DOI：
10.1029/2022je007693
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Antuñano A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Antuñano A
我们使用1984年至2019年底从3米和8米级天文台（主要是NASA的红外望远镜设施，ESO的超大望远镜和斯巴鲁望远镜）捕获的地面中红外（7.9-24.5 μm）观测的长期记录来表征木星大气中热量和气溶胶结构的长期，数十年的变化。在这项研究中，光谱立方体组装从多个过滤器的图像被倒置，以提供估计平流层和对流层的温度和对流层气溶胶不透明度。我们发现了10 mbar时平流层温度非季节性和准季节性变化的证据，中纬度地区存在永久的半球不对称性，其中北方中纬度地区总体上比南方中纬度地区温暖。平流层和对流层温度变化之间的相关性分析揭示了赤道10毫巴和330毫巴温度之间的适度相关性，揭示了对流层赤道温度与木星的赤道平流层振荡耦合。南北赤道带的气溶胶透明度和对流层温度的时间变化基本上是反相的，在10° ~ 16 °的共轭纬度范围内，南北赤道带的气溶胶透明度和对流层温度的变化具有中等程度的负相关性。相隔15°的带之间的这种长期反相关性仍然不清楚。最后，我们的特点之间的滞后热和气溶胶不透明度的变化在一些纬度，发现气溶胶的变化往往滞后后，热变化约6个月在多个纬度。
We use a long‐term record of ground‐based mid‐infrared (7.9–24.5 μm) observations, captured between 1984 and late 2019 from 3‐m and 8‐m class observatories (mainly NASA's Infrared Telescope Facility, ESO's Very Large Telescope, and the Subaru Telescope), to characterize the long‐term, multi‐decade variability of the thermal and aerosol structure in Jupiter's atmosphere. In this study, spectral cubes assembled from images in multiple filters are inverted to provide estimations of stratospheric and tropospheric temperatures and tropospheric aerosol opacity. We find evidence of non‐seasonal and quasi‐seasonal variations of the stratospheric temperatures at 10 mbar, with a permanent hemispherical asymmetry at mid‐latitudes, where the northern mid‐latitudes are overall warmer than southern mid‐latitudes. A correlation analysis between stratospheric and tropospheric temperature variations reveals a moderate anticorrelation between the 10‐mbar and 330‐mbar temperatures at the equator, revealing that upper‐tropospheric equatorial temperatures are coupled to Jupiter’s Equatorial Stratospheric Oscillation. The North and South Equatorial Belts show temporal variability in their aerosol opacity and tropospheric temperatures that are in approximate antiphase with one another, with moderate negative correlations in the North Equatorial Belt and South Equatorial Belt changes between conjugate latitudes at 10°–16°. This long‐term anticorrelation between belts separated by ∼15° is still not understood. Finally we characterize the lag between thermal and aerosol opacity changes at a number of latitudes, finding that aerosol variations tend to lag after thermal variations by around 6 months at multiple latitudes.