New Developments in Flavor Evolution of a Dense Neutrino Gas
New Developments in Flavor Evolution of a Dense Neutrino Gas
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev-nucl-102920-050505
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发表时间：
2020-11
影响因子：
12.4
通讯作者：
I. Tamborra;S. Shalgar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
I. Tamborra;S. Shalgar
中微子-中微子折射主导着核心坍缩超新星、中子星星合并和早期宇宙的味道演化。普通的中微子味转换是在由真空振荡频率决定的时间尺度上发展的。然而，当中微子密度足够大时，由于成对的中微子散射，可能会出现集体味转换。成对转换被认为是快速的，因为它们预计发生在取决于中微子-中微子相互作用能的时间尺度上（即，中微子数密度），并由电子中微子和反中微子的角分布调节。快速成对转换的神秘现象已经被忽视了很长一段时间。然而，由于转换速度快，成对转换可能发生在中微子去耦区域附近，对天体物理源的流体动力学和重元素的合成有着尚待理解的影响。我们回顾了这一迷人现象的物理学及其对中微子密集源的影响。《核与粒子科学年度评论》第71卷的预计最终在线出版日期为2021年9月。请访问http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates了解修订后的估计数。
Neutrino–neutrino refraction dominates the flavor evolution in core-collapse supernovae, neutron star mergers, and the early Universe. Ordinary neutrino flavor conversions develop on timescales determined by the vacuum oscillation frequency. However, when the neutrino density is large enough, collective flavor conversions may arise because of pairwise neutrino scattering. Pairwise conversions are deemed fast because they are expected to occur on timescales that depend on the neutrino–neutrino interaction energy (i.e., on the neutrino number density) and are regulated by the angular distributions of electron neutrinos and antineutrinos. The enigmatic phenomenon of fast pairwise conversions has been overlooked for a long time. However, because of the fast conversion rate, pairwise conversions could occur in the proximity of the neutrino decoupling region with yet-to-be-understood implications for the hydrodynamics of astrophysical sources and the synthesis of the heavy elements. We review the physics of this fascinating phenomenon and its implications for neutrino-dense sources. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science, Volume 71 is September 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.