Internal forces and moments in the femur during walking
Internal forces and moments in the femur during walking
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DOI：
10.1016/s0021-9290(97)00057-2
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发表时间：
1997-09-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Chao, EYS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Duda, GN;Schneider, E;Chao, EYS
大腿的软硬组织共同施加的力代表了一个平衡的系统。在独立检查系统组件时，必须考虑负载的平衡。然而，在许多大腿的生物力学分析中，股骨的研究没有考虑软组织负荷。为了提高对股骨负荷的理解，我们建立了一个三维模型。考虑所有大腿肌肉、体重以及髋关节、髌骨-股骨关节和膝关节的接触力，计算骨的内部载荷。由于髋关节从近端到远端以及膝关节从远端到近端肌肉活动，股骨的内部负荷减少。根据步态的不同，载荷的减少可以达到髋关节内力的50%。最大的力出现在站立阶段的40%到60%之间，而最大的扭转力矩出现在脚跟撞击后不久。该模型表明，肌肉在平衡股骨内的负荷方面起着重要作用。一般来说，骨是轴向载荷，而不是弯曲载荷，最大剪切力在近端和远端。与不考虑肌肉活动的模型相比，弯矩相对较小。从一个步态阶段到另一个，股骨经历交替的弯曲负荷，而不是单方面的弯曲负荷。1997爱思唯尔科学有限公司
The forces exerted by the soft and hard tissues of the thigh together represent a system in equilibrium. This balance of loads must be considered when the system components are examined independently. However, in many biomechanical analyses of the thigh, the femur is studied without considering soft tissue loading. To improve the understanding of femoral loading a three-dimensional model was developed. Taking into account all thigh muscles, body weight and contact forces at the hip, patello-femoral and knee joints, the internal loads of the bone were calculated.Internal loads of the femur decreased as a result of muscle activity from proximal to distal at the hip and from distal to proximal at the knee. The load reduction could be up to 50% of the internal forces at the hip, depending on gait phase. Maximal forces were found between 40 and 60% of the stance phase, whereas maximal torsional moments occurred shortly after heel strike.This model demonstrated that muscles play a substantial role in balancing the loads within the femur. In general, the bone is loaded axially, rather than in bending, with maximum shear forces at the proximal and distal ends. Bending moments are relatively small compared to models which do not consider muscle activity. From one gait phase to another, the femur experiences alternating, rather than one-sided bending load. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd.