A Longitudinal Study of Pre-pregnancy and Pregnancy Risk Factors Associated with Antenatal and Postnatal Symptoms of Depression: Evidence from Growing Up in New Zealand
A Longitudinal Study of Pre-pregnancy and Pregnancy Risk Factors Associated with Antenatal and Postnatal Symptoms of Depression: Evidence from Growing Up in New Zealand
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DOI：
10.1007/s10995-016-2191-x
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发表时间：
2017-04-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Morton, Susan M. B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Underwood, Lisa;Waldie, Karen E.;Morton, Susan M. B.
目的产前和产后抑郁可导致妇女及其子女的不良结局。这项研究的目的是探索怀孕期间和/或分娩后出现抑郁症状的危险因素是否不同。方法对5301名不同种族、不同社会经济背景的妇女在孕晚期和产后9个月进行访谈。采用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS)评定抑郁症状。用Logistic回归分析受试者的抑郁症状(定义为EPDS>；12)及其与孕前和孕期母体特征的关系。结果产前抑郁症状(ADS)发生率为8.5%，产后9个月抑郁症状发生率为5%，产后2个时间点抑郁症状发生率为3%。感受到的压力和太平洋或亚洲种族是ADS和PDS的危险因素。怀孕期间和怀孕前的焦虑只是ADS的危险因素，而孕前诊断抑郁只是PDS的危险因素。ADS使PDS的优势比增加1.5倍(95%可信区间1.01~2.30)。结论这一结果支持了先前纵向研究的证据，即怀孕期间抑郁症状似乎比分娩后第一年更严重。研究发现，PDS往往可能是ADS的延续或复发。
Objectives Antenatal and postnatal depression can lead to poor outcomes for women and their children. The aim of this study was to explore whether risk factors differ for depression symptoms that are present during pregnancy and/or after childbirth. Methods An ethnically and socioeconomically diverse sample of 5301 women completed interviews during the third trimester of pregnancy and 9 months after childbirth. Depression symptoms were measured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Depression symptoms (defined as EPDS > 12) among participants and associations with pre-pregnancy and pregnancy maternal characteristics were explored using logistic regression. Results The rate of antenatal depression symptoms (ADS) only was 8.5, 5% of women had depression symptoms at 9 months postpartum (PDS) only and 3% experienced depression symptoms at both time points. Perceived stress and Pacific or Asian ethnicity were risk factors for ADS and PDS. Anxiety during and before pregnancy was a risk factor for ADS only while having a pre-pregnancy diagnosis of depression was a risk factor for PDS only. Having ADS increased the odds ratio of PDS by 1.5 (95% CI 1.01-2.30). Conclusions The results supported evidence from previous longitudinal studies that depression symptoms appear to be higher during pregnancy than in the first year following childbirth. The study found that PDS may often be a continuation or recurrence of ADS.