Inflammation, Serotonin and Major Depression
Inflammation, Serotonin and Major Depression
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DOI：
10.2174/13894501113149990154
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发表时间：
2013-05-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Marazziti, Donatella
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Catena-Dell'Osso, Mario;Rotella, Francesco;Marazziti, Donatella
对导致重度抑郁症（MDD）的神经生物学过程的理解是科学界的一个活跃的研究领域。多年来，单胺神经传递，特别是5-羟色胺（5-HT）的改变，一直被认为是最重要的病理生理机制的障碍。然而，支持假设的MDD相关单胺改变的生物学数据尚不确定，单胺能抗抑郁药的使用也未产生预期的结果。在过去的几年中，已经证明炎症途径在MDD的病理生理学中具有重要作用。根据细胞因子假说，这种疾病可能是由于应激相关的细胞因子产生增加，包括白细胞介素、肿瘤坏死因子-α和干扰素-α和γ。这些反过来会导致吲哚胺2，3双加氧酶（IDO）的活化，随后沿着IDO途径（TRYCAT）沿着色氨酸（TRP）催化剂的产生，并降低TRP和5-HT的可用性。除了单胺类，其他分子机制，如炎症通路内的那些，应考虑在试图澄清MDD的病理生理学和改善其治疗。
The understanding of the neurobiological processes leading to major depressive disorder (MDD) is an active field of research in the scientific community. For years, the alteration of monoamine neurotransmission, in particular serotonin (5-HT), has been considered the most significant pathophysiological mechanism of the disorder. However, biological data supporting the postulated MDD-related monoamine alterations have been inconclusive, and the use of monoaminergic antidepressants has not yielded the expected results. In the last few years, it has been demonstrated that inflammatory pathways have a significant role in the pathophysiology of MDD. According to the cytokine hypothesis, the disorder would be due to a stress-related increased production of cytokines, including interleukins, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon- alpha and gamma. These, in turns, would cause the activation of the indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO), with subsequent production of tryptophan (TRP) catabolites along the IDO pathway (TRYCATs) and decreased availability of TRP and 5-HT. Besides monoamines, other molecular mechanisms, as those within the inflammatory pathways, should be taken into account in the attempt to clarify the pathophysiology of MDD and to improve its treatment.