Generation of neutral and high-density electron-positron pair plasmas in the laboratory.

Generation of neutral and high-density electron-positron pair plasmas in the laboratory.
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DOI:
10.1038/ncomms7747
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发表时间:
2015-04-23
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Zepf, M.
Zepf, M.
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sarri, G.;Poder, K.;Cole, J. M.;Schumaker, W.;Di Piazza, A.;Reville, B.;Dzelzainis, T.;Doria, D.;Gizzi, L. A.;Grittani, G.;Kar, S.;Keitel, C. H.;Krushelnick, K.;Kuschel, S.;Mangles, S. P. D.;Najmudin, Z.;Shukla, N.;Silva, L. O.;Symes, D.;Thomas, A. G. R.;Vargas, M.;Vieira, J.;Zepf, M.

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电子-正电子对等离子体代表了物质的一种独特状态,其中在带负电荷(物质)和带正电荷(反物质)的粒子之间存在固有的完全对称性。这些等离子体在超大质量天体的动力学中起着重要作用,并被认为与超亮伽马射线爆发的发射有关。尽管有广泛的理论模型,我们对这种物质状态的认识仍然是推测性的,因为在实验室中重建中性物质-反物质等离子体非常困难。在这里,我们表明,通过使用紧凑的激光驱动装置,可以产生具有独特特性的无离子电子-正电子等离子体。它们的电荷中性(物质和反物质的量相同),高密度和小发散最终开辟了在受控实验室实验中研究电子-正电子等离子体的可能性。 正负电子对等离子体是一种正负电荷完全对称的物质状态,存在于许多天体中。在这里,作者使用高功率激光在实验室中创建无离子的电子-正电子等离子体。
Electron–positron pair plasmas represent a unique state of matter, whereby there exists an intrinsic and complete symmetry between negatively charged (matter) and positively charged (antimatter) particles. These plasmas play a fundamental role in the dynamics of ultra-massive astrophysical objects and are believed to be associated with the emission of ultra-bright gamma-ray bursts. Despite extensive theoretical modelling, our knowledge of this state of matter is still speculative, owing to the extreme difficulty in recreating neutral matter–antimatter plasmas in the laboratory. Here we show that, by using a compact laser-driven setup, ion-free electron–positron plasmas with unique characteristics can be produced. Their charge neutrality (same amount of matter and antimatter), high-density and small divergence finally open up the possibility of studying electron–positron plasmas in controlled laboratory experiments. Electron–positron pair plasma—a state of matter with a complete symmetry between negatively and positively charged particles—are found in many astrophysical object. Here, the authors use high-power laser to create an ion-free electron–positron plasma in the laboratory.
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