The Cultural Turn in Sociology: Can It Help Us Resolve an Age-Old Problem in Understanding Decision Making for Health Care?
The Cultural Turn in Sociology: Can It Help Us Resolve an Age-Old Problem in Understanding Decision Making for Health Care?
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1573-7861.2010.01206.x
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发表时间：
2010-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Olafsdottir S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pescosolido BA;Olafsdottir S
长期以来，文化塑造了个人对问题的反应。健康与疾病社会学的一个经典难题是关于文化信仰和医疗服务使用的理论和研究之间的差异。"利用研究"，检查个人对健康问题的反应，并没有一贯影响文化的吸收正式治疗。虽然人种学研究经常描述文化如何塑造疾病行为，但基于调查的研究很少发现一旦“需要”得到控制，易感性的显着影响。在定量研究中，个人报告了支持性治疗信念或使用服务的倾向，但利用水平较低，强化了关于文化意识形态在医疗保健决策中缺乏效用的说法。我们问是否在文化和认知社会学的创新提供了理论框架，概念化和测量文化在卫生服务利用。研究数据从综合社会调查，我们专注于文化的方法可能会解释高文化倾向和低实际使用的悖论。有心理健康问题的儿童提供了建议和认可之间的比较。建议，由个人提供的护理来源，以响应没有任何其他社会线索的情况下的情况描述，符合新的文化方法，并通过对开放式问题的反应来衡量，这些问题是关于应该为符合临床标准的儿童做些什么（例如，ADHD，重度抑郁症，哮喘或"日常麻烦"）。认可，需要较少的认知工作和文化阻力，符合传统的文化概念，并通过封闭式问题来衡量，这些问题要求受访者同意或不同意从调查后期放置的不同治疗方案中寻求帮助。我们发现，建议揭示了文化倾向，使用服务密切对应的报告利用水平;背书揭示高，不切实际的文化倾向，使用服务。此外，建议与代理文化的社会人口统计相关联（例如，种族），而背书只与感知的需要相关联。
Culture has long shaped individuals’ response to problems. A classic puzzle in the sociology of health and illness is discrepancy between theory and research regarding cultural beliefs and medical care service use. “Utilization research,” examining individuals’ responses to the onset of health problems, has not consistently affected culture on the uptake of formal treatment. While ethnographic research often describes how culture shapes illness behaviors, survey-based studies rarely find significant effects of predispositions once “need” is controlled. In quantitative studies, individuals report supportive treatment beliefs or predispositions to use services but low utilization levels, reinforcing claims about lack of utility of cultural ideologies in health-care decision making. We ask whether innovations in the sociology of culture and cognition provide the theoretical scaffolding to conceptualize and measure culture in health service utilization. Examining data from the General Social Survey, we focus on how approaches to culture might explain the paradox of high cultural predispositions and low actual use. Children with mental health problems provide a comparison between suggestions and endorsements. Suggestions, sources of care offered by individuals in response to a case description without any other social cues, align with new cultural approaches, and are measured by responses to open-ended questions about what should be done for the child described meeting clinical criteria f or ADHD, major depression, asthma, or “daily troubles”). Endorsements, requiring less cognitive work and cultural resistance, align with traditional conceptualizations of culture, and are measured by closed-ended questions that ask respondents to agree or disagree with seeking help from different treatment options placed later in the survey. We find that suggestions reveal cultural predispositions to use services corresponding closely to reported utilization levels; endorsements reveal high, unrealistic cultural predispositions to use services. Further, suggestions are associated with sociodemographics that proxy culture (e.g., race), while endorsements are associated only with perceived need.
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影响因子：
9.7
作者：
BURNS, BJ;COSTELLO, EJ;ERKANLI, A
通讯作者：
ERKANLI, A
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Bearman, P;Parigi, P
通讯作者：
Parigi, P
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Clausen, John A.;Yarrow, Marian Radke
通讯作者：
Yarrow, Marian Radke
DOI：
10.1016/0160-7987(81)90023-5
发表时间：
1981-01-01
期刊：
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE PART B-MEDICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
HAMNETT, MP;CONNELL, J
通讯作者：
CONNELL, J
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
CONRAD, P
通讯作者：
CONRAD, P