Living with floods - Household perception and satellite observations in the Barotse floodplain, Zambia
Living with floods - Household perception and satellite observations in the Barotse floodplain, Zambia
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DOI：
10.1016/j.pce.2016.10.011
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发表时间：
2017-08-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Nhamo, Luxon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cai, Xueliang;Haile, Alemseged Tamiru;Nhamo, Luxon
Barotse洪泛平原是拉姆萨尔湿地的一个指定地点，沿着有成千上万的土著居民，拥有广泛的湿地生态系统和粮食生产系统。它也越来越成为一个受欢迎的旅游目的地，每年一度的ICuomboka节庆祝国王和Lozi人在洪水季节到来之前搬迁到高地。本文提出了一种综合的方法，交叉验证，并结合了洪泛区居民的看法，最近的洪水与洪水淹没水平来自卫星观测的信息。对当地居民进行了调查，以评估农民对洪水模式及其生计影响的看法。此外，利用遥感陆地卫星图像生成的1989年至2014年的一系列洪水淹没图评估了最近的洪水模式。结果表明，洪泛区有3.3万人口居住在10,849个小型渗透或临时建筑物中，总耕地面积为4976公顷。调查和卫星图像分析都证实，由于集水区的开发和气候变化，洪泛区的水文和洪水模式发生了变化。年平均淹没面积从1989-1998年的约316千公顷增加到2005 - 2014年的488千公顷。因此，被淹没的农田和房屋从1989年的9%-6%分别增加到2014年的73%和47%。洪水发生的时间也发生了变化，延迟和早发的情况更加频繁。这些变化导致利用土著知识进行洪水预报和准备的困难越来越大，从而对农作物、牲畜和房屋造成更大的损失。目前的洪泛区管理系统是不够的，需要新的干预措施，以帮助以系统的方式管理洪水。(C)2016爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有
The Barotse Floodplain, a designated Ramsar site, is home to thousands of indigenous people along with an extensive wetland ecosystem and food production system. Increasingly it is also a popular tourist destination with its annual ICuomboka festival which celebrates the relocation of the king and the Lozi people to higher ground before the onset of the flood season. This paper presents an integrated approach which cross validates and combines the floodplain residents' perceptions about recent floods with information on flood inundation levels derived from satellite observations. Local residents' surveys were conducted to assess farmers' perception on the flooding patterns and the impact on their livelihoods. Further, a series of flood inundation maps from 1989 to 2014 generated from remotely sensed Landsat imagery were used to assess the recent patterns of floods. Results show that the floodplain has a population of 33 thousand living in 10,849 small permeant or temporary buildings with a total cropland area of 4976 ha. The floodplain hydrology and flooding patterns have changed, confirmed by both surveys and satellite image analysis, due to catchment development and changing climate. The average annual inundated areas have increased from about 316 thousand ha in 1989-1998 to 488 thousand ha in 2005 2014. As a result the inundated cropland and houses increased from 9% to 6% in 1989 to 73% and 47% in 2014, respectively. The timing of the floods has also changed with both delaying and early onset happening more frequently. These changes cause increasing difficulties in flood forecast and preparation using indigenous knowledge, therefore creating greater damages to crops, livestock, and houses. Current floodplain management system is inadequate and new interventions are needed to help manage the floods at a systematic manner. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.