Understanding Health Research Ethics in Nepal.

Understanding Health Research Ethics in Nepal.
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DOI:
10.1111/dewb.12109
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发表时间:
2016-12
影响因子:
2.2
通讯作者:
Harper I
Harper I
中科院分区:
人文科学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sharma JR;Khatri R;Harper I

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与南亚其他国家不同,尼泊尔卫生部门的研究历史相对较新。该国的大多数健康研究活动都是由援助机构和大学的国际合作团体赞助的。尼泊尔卫生研究理事会的数据显示,1991 年至 2014 年间,官方开展了 1,212 项卫生研究活动。这些活动包括通过业务研究解决国家层面的紧迫健康问题、旨在生成证据的评估和规划干预措施、以及为全球科学和政策辩论提供信息的更系统的研究活动。尼泊尔健康研究理事会 (NHRC) 伦理审查委员会成立于 1991 年,是通过议会法案授予的中央机构,拥有全国所有健康研究活动的正式监管权力。基于 2010 年至 2013 年期间进行的研究,以及作者于 2012 年 7 月在尼泊尔举办的研究伦理研讨会(作为正在进行的研究的一部分),本文重点介绍了这个低收入国家的新兴监管和伦理领域,该国见证了这些健康研究活动的增加。出现的问题反映了这种特殊的研究政治经济(健康研究的构成、资源从何而来、谁定义研究议程、合同研究文化、审查成本、发展尼泊尔的研究能力,直至数据/研究结果的政治发布),并包括对新兴监管和伦理框架的问题。
Unlike other countries in South Asia, in Nepal research in the health sector has a relatively recent history. Most health research activities in the country are sponsored by international collaborative assemblages of aid agencies and universities. Data from Nepal Health Research Council shows that, officially, 1,212 health research activities have been carried out between 1991 and 2014. These range from addressing immediate health problems at the country level through operational research, to evaluations and programmatic interventions that are aimed at generating evidence, to more systematic research activities that inform global scientific and policy debates. Established in 1991, the Ethical Review Board of the Nepal Health Research Council (NHRC) is the central body that has the formal regulating authority of all the health research activities in country, granted through an act of parliament. Based on research conducted between 2010 and 2013, and a workshop on research ethics that the authors conducted in July 2012 in Nepal as a part of the on‐going research, this article highlights the emerging regulatory and ethical fields in this low‐income country that has witnessed these increased health research activities. Issues arising reflect this particular political economy of research (what constitutes health research, where resources come from, who defines the research agenda, culture of contract research, costs of review, developing Nepal's research capacity, through to the politics of publication of data/findings) and includes questions to emerging regulatory and ethical frameworks.
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