Paleocene methane seep and wood-fall marine environments from Spitsbergen, Svalbard
Paleocene methane seep and wood-fall marine environments from Spitsbergen, Svalbard
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斯瓦尔巴群岛斯匹次卑尔根岛的古新世甲烷渗漏和木材掉落海洋环境
DOI：
10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.08.037
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
and A. Kaim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Hryniewicz;M.A. Bitner;E. Durska;J. Hagström;H.R. Hjálmarsdóttir;R.G. Jenkins;C.T.S. Little;Yusuke Miyajima;H.A. Nakrem;and A. Kaim
在这里，我们描述了一个古新世甲烷渗漏地点和相关的沉没木层，来自斯皮茨卑尔根岛的Fossildalen，赋存于近海到巴西利卡组的前三角洲粉砂岩，Van Mijenfjorden群。这种渗漏碳酸盐化石最早是在20世纪20年代和70年代探险的博物馆收藏品中发现的，随后于2015年在野外采集了样本。碳酸盐岩的同位素轻组分(δ~(13)C值接近−和50‰V-PdB)以及与同位素轻的古生油相结合的特征岩相结构与其形成于化石油气渗漏环境相一致。碳酸盐岩中的无脊椎动物具有中等多样性(17种)，并具有浅水亲和力。碳酸盐中的木质标本含有钻木双壳类的钻孔和贝壳。渗漏动物群由一种丝虫属物种主导，与其他类似年龄段的渗漏动物相似。这些数据揭示了斯瓦尔巴群岛甲烷渗漏的历史，以及白垩纪末期-古近纪早期渗漏和伐木动物群的演化和生态。
Here we describe a Paleocene-aged methane seep locality and an associated layer of sunken wood, from Fossildalen on Spitsbergen, Svalbard, hosted in offshore to prodelta siltstones of the Basilika Formation, Van Mijenfjorden Group. The fossiliferous seep carbonates were first identified in museum collections from expeditions in the 1920s and 1970s, and subsequently sampled asex-situblocks in the field in 2015. The isotopically light composition (δ13C values approaching − 50‰ V-PDB), and characteristic petrographic textures of the carbonates combined with the isotopically light archaeal lipids are consistent with their formation at fossil hydrocarbon seep environment. The invertebrate fauna within the carbonates is of moderate diversity (17 species) and has a shallow water affinity. Wood specimens within the carbonates contain the borings and shells of wood-boring bivalves. The seep fauna is dominated by a species of the thyasirid genusConchocele, common to other seeps of similar age. The data shed new light onto the history of methane seepage on Svalbard, and the evolution and ecology of seep and wood-fall faunas during the latest Cretaceous–earliest Paleogene time interval.