Functional species pool framework to test for biotic effects on community assembly
Functional species pool framework to test for biotic effects on community assembly
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DOI：
10.1890/11-1394.1
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发表时间：
2012-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Paertel, Meelis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de Bello, Francesco;Price, Jodi N.;Paertel, Meelis
物种间的功能性状差异越来越多地被用来推断生物和非生物过程对物种共存的影响。通常，社区内观察到的性状多样性进行比较，在随机产生的社区内的抽样的基础上模拟的模式在一个区域内。由此产生的模式的性状趋同和分歧，假设揭示非生物和生物过程，分别。然而，生物过程，如竞争，可以通过排除相似的物种（生态位差异，发散）或排除不同的物种（较弱的竞争者排斥，收敛）产生性状的分歧和收敛。因此，分离生物和非生物过程，可以产生相同的模式的性状多样性，甚至模式，相互抵消，是不可行的与以前的方法。我们提出了一个可操作的框架，其中社区内的功能性状差异（FDF-T）与物种库预期的相应性状差异（即，功能物种库多样性（FDpool）。FDpool包括由运行环境和扩散限制过滤器界定的场地的一组潜在物种。通过应用这些过滤器，所得到的性状多样性模式与生物过程一致，即，性状趋异（FD趋异> FD池）表示生态位分化，而性状趋同（FD趋异<FD池）表示较弱的竞争者排斥。为了说明这一框架，其潜在的应用和限制，我们分析了模拟和现场数据。功能物种库框架更一致地检测到模拟的性状多样性模式比以前的方法。在该领域，使用的数据，从植物群落的典型北方欧洲的栖息地在爱沙尼亚，我们发现，基于生态位和较弱的竞争对手排斥影响社会的组装，这取决于性状和社会考虑。在模拟和现场数据中，我们证明，只有通过估计一个网站的物种池是有可能区分的模式，经营生物过程中产生的性状相异。该框架，它可以适用于功能和系统发育的多样性，使重新解释社区组装过程。解决为一个地点确定一个适当的参考物种库的挑战可以提供更好的了解社区组装。
Functional trait differences among species are increasingly used to infer the effects of biotic and abiotic processes on species coexistence. Commonly, the trait diversity observed within communities is compared to patterns simulated in randomly generated communities based on sampling within a region. The resulting patterns of trait convergence and divergence are assumed to reveal abiotic and biotic processes, respectively. However, biotic processes such as competition can produce both trait divergence and convergence, through either excluding similar species (niche differences, divergence) or excluding dissimilar species (weaker competitor exclusion, convergence). Hence, separating biotic and abiotic processes that can produce identical patterns of trait diversity, or even patterns that neutralize each other, is not feasible with previous methods. We propose an operational framework in which the functional trait dissimilarity within communities (FDcomm) is compared to the corresponding trait dissimilarity expected from the species pool (i.e., functional species pool diversity, FDpool). FDpool includes the set of potential species for a site delimited by the operating environmental and dispersal limitation filters. By applying these filters, the resulting pattern of trait diversity is consistent with biotic processes, i.e., trait divergence (FDcomm > FDpool) indicates niche differentiation, while trait convergence (FDcomm < FDpool) indicates weaker competitor exclusion. To illustrate this framework, with its potential application and constraints, we analyzed both simulated and field data. The functional species pool framework more consistently detected the simulated trait diversity patterns than previous approaches. In the field, using data from plant communities of typical Northern European habitats in Estonia, we found that both niche-based and weaker competitor exclusion influenced community assembly, depending on the traits and community considered. In both simulated and field data, we demonstrated that only by estimating the species pool of a site is it possible to differentiate the patterns of trait dissimilarity produced by operating biotic processes. The framework, which can be applied with both functional and phylogenetic diversity, enables a reinterpretation of community assembly processes. Solving the challenge of defining an appropriate reference species pool for a site can provide a better understanding of community assembly.