The Tragedy of the Commons in Cote d'Ivoire Agriculture: Empirical Evidence and Implications for Evaluating Trade Policies
The Tragedy of the Commons in Cote d'Ivoire Agriculture: Empirical Evidence and Implications for Evaluating Trade Policies
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科特迪瓦农业的公地悲剧：经验证据及其对评估贸易政策的影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. López
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. López
耕地的扩大缩小了林地的范围或缩短了休耕期的长度，从而减少了自然植被的数量。耕地的增加具有直接的产出增加效应，但代价是自然资本和农业生产力下降。科特迪瓦西部的证据与撒哈拉以南非洲在过去几十年中观察到的农业生产力下降相一致，并为之提供了解释。本文使用的理论模型，以确定土地耕作水平，最大限度地提高村民收入，使用的数据从科特迪瓦1985-87年。土地的一个重要部分属于共同财产，通常在村一级。结果表明，农民在土地分配决策中甚至没有将生物质外部成本的一小部分内在化。生物质资源的社会成本没有内在化，导致村一级收入损失巨大，高达村收入的14%。这些损失比常规失真的通常估计大许多倍。
Expansion of cultivated land diminishes the extent of forestlands or reduces the length of fallow periods and, hence, reduces the amount of natural vegetation. The increase in land under cultivation has a direct output-increasing effect at the cost of reducing natural capital and agricultural productivity. The evidence for western Cote d'Ivoire is consistent with, and provides an explanation for, the declining agricultural productivity observed in Sub-Saharan Africa during the past few decades. This article uses a theoretical model to determine the level of land cultivation that maximizes village income, using data from Cote d'Ivoire for 1985-87. An important part of the land is under common property, usually at the village level. The results show that farmers do not internalize even a small fraction of the external cost of biomass in their land allocation decisions. The lack of internalization of the social cost of the biomass resource leads to large income losses at the village level as much as 14 percent of village income. These losses are many times larger than the usual estimates for conventional distortions.