Nonequilibrium fluctuation relation in a quantum coherent conductor
Nonequilibrium fluctuation relation in a quantum coherent conductor
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量子相干导体中的非平衡涨落关系
DOI：
10.1063/1.3666387
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Arthur C.Gossard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shuji Nakamura;Yoshiaki Yamauchi;Masayuki Hashisaka;Kensaku Chida;Kensuke Kobayashi;Teruo Ono;Renaud Leturcq;Klaus Ensslin;Keiji Saito;Yasuhiro Utsumi;Arthur C.Gossard
我们用量子相干导体实验证明了非平衡涨落关系的有效性。在平衡状态下，涨落-耗散关系导致导体处的电流和电流噪声之间的相关性，即约翰逊-奈奎斯特关系。当导体是电压偏置，使非线性政权进入，波动定理预测了类似的非平衡波动关系，即使在Onsager-Casmir关系在磁场中被打破，这仍然成立。我们的实验定性地验证了预言，这是在非平衡态量子机制中这一定理的第一个证据。
We experimentally demonstrate the validity of nonequilibrium fluctuation relations by using a quantum coherent conductor. In equilibrium the fluctuation-dissipation relation leads to the correlation between current and current noise at the conductor, namely, the Johnson-Nyquist relation. When the conductor is voltage biased so that the nonlinear regime is entered, the fluctuation theorem has predicted similar nonequilibrium fluctuation relations, which hold true even when the Onsager-Casmir relations are broken in magnetic fields. Our experiments qualitatively validate the predictions as the first evidence of this theorem in the nonequilibrium quantum regime.