The epidemiology of pertussis:: A comparison of the epidemiology of the disease pertussis with the epidemiology of Bordetella pertussis infection
The epidemiology of pertussis:: A comparison of the epidemiology of the disease pertussis with the epidemiology of Bordetella pertussis infection
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DOI：
10.1542/peds.2004-2648
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发表时间：
2005-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
Cherry, JD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cherry, JD
在前疫苗时代，百日咳流行遵循周期性模式，每2至5年出现一次高峰。随着疫苗接种后百日咳发病率的显著下降，同样的循环模式仍然存在。在过去的20年里，百日咳报告的增加主要是由于人们对百日咳的认识提高，也许是由于使用了几种效果较差的疫苗。对青少年和成人长期咳嗽疾病的研究表明，13%至20%是B型百日咳感染的结果。血清学研究表明，青少年和成人的B型百日咳感染率每年约为2.0%。青少年和成人中由B型百日咳感染引起的咳嗽疾病（百日咳）的发病率为每10万人370至1 500人。这些数据表明，在美国，每年大约有80万至330万例病例。青少年和成人配制的白喉、破伤风类毒素和无细胞百日咳疫苗的即将上市及其广泛使用应能减少B型百日咳疾病的储存库。建议青少年和成人加强剂的普遍计划将减少B型百日咳在这些年龄组中的传播，并可能导致该生物体从人群中消除。
In the prevaccine era pertussis epidemics followed a cyclic pattern, with peaks every 2 to 5 years. With the marked reduction of pertussis by vaccination, the same cyclic pattern still occurs.Studies relating to reported pertussis and Bordetella pertussis infection have been reviewed and analyzed. The increase in reported pertussis over the last 2 decades is mainly due to a greater awareness of pertussis and perhaps to the use of several less efficacious vaccines. Studies of prolonged cough illnesses in adolescents and adults reveal that 13% to 20% are a result of B pertussis infection. Serologic studies suggest that the rate of B pertussis infection in adolescents and adults is similar to 2.0% per year. The rate of cough illnesses ( pertussis) caused by B pertussis infection in adolescents and adults is between 370 and 1500 per 100 000 population. These data suggest that there are between similar to 800 000 and 3.3 million cases per year in the United States.The coming availability of adolescent- and adult-formulated diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis vaccines for adolescents and adults and their widespread use should reduce the reservoir of B pertussis disease. It is suggested that a universal program of adolescent and adult boosters would decrease the circulation of B pertussis in these age groups and possibly could lead to the elimination of the organism from the population.