Biodiversity below ground: probing the subterranean ant fauna of Amazonia
Biodiversity below ground: probing the subterranean ant fauna of Amazonia
复制标题
地下生物多样性：探索亚马逊地下蚂蚁区系
DOI：
10.1007/s00114-007-0250-2
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发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Traniello
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kari T. Ryder Wilkie;Amy L. Mertl;J. Traniello
蚂蚁数量丰富，种类繁多，在热带森林中占据生态优势。特别是地下蚂蚁被认为对环境有重大影响，尽管与收集地下蚂蚁和检查它们的生态和行为有关的困难限制了研究。在本文中，我们提出了在亚马逊厄瓜多尔的地下蚂蚁多样性的研究结果，采用了一种新的探针，以促进发现栖息在土壤层的物种。通过探针共采集到蚂蚁19属47种，其中包括新种和稀有种。在土壤不同深度收集的物种中，约有19%是探测样品所特有的。相似性分析（ANOSIM）的结果表明，与探针收集的蚂蚁的物种组成显着不同，从使用其他技术收集的样品。此外，ANOSIM计算表明，蚂蚁的物种组合收集12.5厘米以下的表面是显着不同的发现在25，37.5和50厘米。蚂蚁多样性和物种积累率随深度的增加而降低。在最深处没有独特的物种，这表明由于地下水位高，地下蚂蚁可能不会分布在亚马逊河流域的土壤深处。我们所描述的技术可以用来获得新的见解地下蚂蚁物种和其他成员的物种丰富的土壤无脊椎动物大型动物的分布和生物学。
Ants are abundant, diverse, and ecologically dominant in tropical forests. Subterranean ants in particular are thought to have a significant environmental impact, although difficulties associated with collecting ants underground and examining their ecology and behavior have limited research. In this paper, we present the results of a study of subterranean ant diversity in Amazonian Ecuador that employs a novel probe to facilitate the discovery of species inhabiting the soil horizon. Forty-seven species of ants in 19 genera, including new and apparently rare species, were collected in probes. Approximately 19% of the species collected at different depths in the soil were unique to probe samples. Analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) results showed that the species composition of ants collected with the probe was significantly different from samples collected using other techniques. Additionally, ANOSIM computations indicated the species assemblage of ants collected 12.5 cm below the surface was significantly different from those found at 25, 37.5, and 50 cm. Ant diversity and species accumulation rates decreased with increasing depth. There were no species unique to the lowest depths, suggesting that subterranean ants may not be distributed deep in the soil in Amazonia due to the high water table. The technique we describe could be used to gain new insights into the distribution and biology of subterranean ant species and other members of the species-rich soil invertebrate macrofauna.