Exploring the Capability of LC-MS and GC-MS Multi-Class Methods to Discriminate Virgin Olive Oils from Different Geographical Indications and to Identify Potential Origin Markers
Exploring the Capability of LC-MS and GC-MS Multi-Class Methods to Discriminate Virgin Olive Oils from Different Geographical Indications and to Identify Potential Origin Markers
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DOI：
10.1002/ejlt.201800336
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发表时间：
2019-03-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Carrasco-Pancorbo, Alegria
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Olmo-Garcia, Lucia;Wendt, Karin;Carrasco-Pancorbo, Alegria
寻找一种策略来验证商业特级初榨橄榄油（EVOO）的申报原产地，126个样品来自六个不同的地中海地理标志（GI）的分析，通过两个不同的平台[LC-ESI-QTOF MS（正极性和负极性）和GC-APCI-QTOF MS（正模式）]结合化学计量学。选择样品处理和色谱/检测条件（在两个平台中），以便在单次运行中全面表征油的全部次要部分。显著的歧视之间的六个评估地理信息系统[普列戈德科尔多瓦和巴埃纳（西班牙），卡拉马塔（希腊），托斯卡诺（意大利），和Ouazzane和梅克内（摩洛哥）]实现建设两个类PLS-DA模型，考虑来自两个平台的数据。几千个分子特征的统计模型的贡献进行了深入评估，并指出了几种化合物作为可能的起源标记，描述特征的组成模式，每个GI在评估作物年。不同的分析方法的互补性进行了讨论，并使用不同的策略来确定分类。实际应用：受保护的原产地名称（PDO）和受保护的地理标志（PGI）标签是促进高质量EVOO的重要工具，确保与特定地区的联系以及自然和人为因素的特征组合，使获得独特的油成为可能。在这种情况下，必须为控制实验室提供创新的工具和方法，这些工具和方法能够在一次运行中提供关于EVOO的次要部分的广泛信息（对于其整体质量具有毋庸置疑的重要性），并有机会找到和识别（并验证）原产地标记。经验证的分类器用于验证EVOO属于（或不属于）特定GI的效用是清楚的。如果地名用于不符合预期质量的产品，或者生产商有时不遵守生产规格，消费者的信心就会受到明显损害。
Looking for a strategy to authenticate the declared origin of commercial extra virgin olive oils (EVOOs), 126 samples from six different Mediterranean geographical indications (GIs) are analyzed by means of two different platforms [LC-ESI-QTOF MS (in positive and negative polarity) and GC-APCI-QTOF MS (in positive mode)] combined to chemometrics. The sample treatment and chromatographic/detection conditions (in both platforms) are chosen to enable the comprehensive characterization of the complete minor fraction of the oils within a single run. Noticeable discrimination among the six evaluated GIs [Priego de Cordoba and Baena (Spain), Kalamata (Greece), Toscano (Italy), and Ouazzane and Meknes (Morocco)] is achieved building two-class PLS-DA models which consider the data coming from both platforms. The contribution of a few thousand molecular features to the statistical models is evaluated in depth and several compounds are pointed out as possible origin markers, describing characteristic compositional patterns for each GI in the evaluated crop year. The complementarity of the different analytical approaches is discussed and diverse strategies are used to identify the classifiers. Practical Applications: Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) and Protected Geographical Indication (PGI) labels are important tools to promote high quality EVOOs, assuring the connection to a particular territory and the characteristic combination of natural and human factors which make possible to obtain unique oils. In this context, it is imperative to furnish the control labs with innovative tools and methods which are able to provide extensive information about the EVOOs' minor fraction (of unquestionable importance regarding its overall quality) in just one run and to give the chance to find and identify (and validate) origin markers. The utility of validated classifiers to authenticate the belonging (or not) of an EVOO to a particular GI is clear. The consumers' confidence can be perceptibly undermined if the geographical name is used on products not having the expected qualities or if the production specifications are sometimes not followed by producers.