An alternate route to policy influence - How evaluations affect DARE
An alternate route to policy influence - How evaluations affect DARE
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DOI：
10.1177/1098214004273337
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发表时间：
2005-03-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Birkeland, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Weiss, CH;Murphy-Graham, E;Birkeland, S
研究评估对政策决策影响的调查人员指出，影响的主要途径有三种：工具性、概念性和政治性/象征性。本研究旨在探讨抗药物滥用教育评估的效果。该计划发现了评估发挥影响的第四种主要方式：强制使用。美国教育部安全和无毒品学校办公室要求学区选择一个符合其“有效性原则”的计划，大多数学区认为这意味着该计划必须在教育部的批准名单上。由于D.A.R.E.的评估结果一再表明D.A.R.E.在知识和态度上的S有效性既没有持续下去，也没有导致药物使用的减少，D.A.R.E.没有列入“名单”。因此，许多地区放弃或缩减D.A.R.E.。随着政府机构对问责要求的提高，这种强制使用可能会变得更加普遍。
Investigators of the influence of evaluations on policy decisions have noted three main routes to influence: instrumental, conceptual, and political/symbolic. This study, an inquiry into the effect of evaluations of the Drug Abuse Resistance Education (D.A.R.E.) program, found a fourth main way that evaluations exert an influence: imposed use. The Safe and Drug Free Schools office of the U.S. Department of Education obliged districts to select a program that met its "Principles of Effectiveness," which most districts construed to mean that the program had to be on the department's approved list. Because results of D.A.R.E. evaluations repeatedly showed that D.A.R.E.'s effectiveness on knowledge and attitudes was neither sustained nor led to lower use of drugs, D.A.R.E. did not make the "lists." Hence, many districts dropped or scaled back D.A.R.E. This kind of imposed use is likely to become more common when government agencies make greater demands for accountability.