Ultrastructure of the rotifer integument: peculiarities of Sinantherina socialis (Monogononta: Gnesiotrocha)
Ultrastructure of the rotifer integument: peculiarities of Sinantherina socialis (Monogononta: Gnesiotrocha)
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轮虫外皮的超微结构：Sinantherina Socialis（Monogononta：Gnesiotrocha）的特性
DOI：
10.1111/ivb.12085
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Chan, Courtney
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hochberg, Rick;Hochberg, Adele;Chan, Courtney
轮虫被膜是一种被很好地描述的合胞体，它包含一个顶端胞浆内层（ICL），它具有骨骼支撑和肌肉插入的功能。迄今为止，关于Gnesiotrocha物种的被皮结构的信息有限，Gnesiotrocha是一种多样的单胞纲亚分支，由孤独的、殖民的、无柄的和浮游的物种组成。在这项研究中，我们检查了社会主义sinantherina的殖民轮虫的外壳的超微结构，以确定它与其他单性轮虫的外壳是如何对应的。s的外壳。社会轮虫与其他轮虫大致相似，由增厚的糖萼、多层的ICL和合胞表皮组成。然而，它在几个方面有所不同。ICL由三个不同的层组成，从顶端到基底层：第1层由至少两个电子致密层组成；第2层是一种加厚的无定形、电子致密材料基体或纤维状；而第3层是覆盖在下面的合胞体的厚度不同的电子致密层。值得注意的是，第1层和第2层形成了横跨躯干表面的指状突起的脊状和沟槽状系统，这在其他轮虫中没有观察到。ICL下方有大量的合胞质（厚达3 μm），大部分为电子透光质，细胞器较少。成束的潜在微管散布在合胞体中。我们假设，具有微管的大量细胞质为轮虫的固定生活方式提供了骨骼支撑，而外部脊可能作为基于纹理的捕食者威慑，或者用于捕获物种防御腺体的分泌物。在基部，表皮高度折叠，边缘有一薄的基板，将质膜与囊胚腔分开。膜结合囊泡存在于整个被膜的细胞质中，并被推测在细胞外基质的分泌和ICL的维持中起作用。
The rotifer integument is a well‐described syncytium that contains an apical intracytoplasmic lamina (ICL) that functions for both skeletal support and muscle insertion. To date, there is limited information on the structure of the integument in species of Gnesiotrocha, a diverse subclade of Monogononta that consists of solitary, colonial, sessile, and planktonic species. In this study, we examined the ultrastructure of the integument in the colonial rotiferSinantherina socialisto determine how it corresponds to that of other monogononts. The integument ofS. socialiswas broadly similar to that of other rotifers, consisting of a thickened glycocalyx, multilaminate ICL, and syncytial epidermis. However, it was different in several regards. The ICL consisted of three distinct layers from apical to basal: layer 1 consisted of at least two electron‐dense laminae; layer 2 was a thickened matrix of amorphous, electron‐dense material or was fibrous; and layer 3 was an electron‐dense lamina of varying thickness that covered the underlying syncytium. Significantly, layers 1 and 2 formed a ridge‐and‐groove like system of finger‐like projections across the trunk surface that has not been observed in other rotifers. A voluminous syncytial cytoplasm (up to 3 μm thick) was present beneath the ICL and was mostly electron lucent and with few organelles. Bundles of potential microtubules were scattered throughout the syncytium. We hypothesize that the voluminous cytoplasm with microtubules serves as skeletal support for the rotifer's sessile lifestyle, while the external ridges may function as a texture‐based deterrent to predators, or serves to trap secretions from the species' defensive glands. Basally, the epidermis was highly folded and bordered by a thin basal lamina that separated the plasmalemma from the blastocoel. Membrane‐bound vesicles were present throughout the integument's cytoplasm and are hypothesized to function in the secretion of extracellular matrix and in the maintenance of the ICL.
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影响因子：
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