Occurrence of Stachybotrys chartarum chemotype S in dried culinary herbs
Occurrence of Stachybotrys chartarum chemotype S in dried culinary herbs
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s12550-014-0213-3
复制
发表时间：
2015-02-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Gareis, Manfred
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Biermaier, Barbara;Gottschalk, Christoph;Gareis, Manfred
水苏（S.）Chartarum是一种无处不在的纤维素分解霉菌，其产生次级代谢物，例如高毒性的大环多烯。虽然它是已知的发生在动物饲料，如干草和稻草，以及在水损坏的室内环境，有很少的知识，发生的S。chartarum及其次级代谢产物的食物。本研究的目的是检查选定的干燥烹饪香草中是否存在S。chartarum化学型S，以评估大环二烯污染食品的潜在风险。总共有50个来自不同类型的烹饪草药的水苏糖杆菌分离物（n=100），例如马郁兰（Origanum majorana Linne（L.）），牛至（Origanum vulgare L.），百里香（百里香L.），和香薄荷（Satureja hortensis L.）通过MTT细胞培养试验（基于效应的生物测定）、ELISA和液相色谱串联质谱（LC-MS/MS）进行检查。通过PCR和测序对选定的毒性和无毒分离株（n=15）进行遗传学表征。MTT细胞培养试验中有5株（10%）具有高毒力，ELISA和LC-MS/MS证实其产生大环多烯类化合物。chartarum化学型S.据我们所知，这是第一次报告的污染干燥的烹饪草药与产芽孢杆菌。chartarum。
Stachybotrys (S.) chartarum is an omnipresent cellulolytic mould which produces secondary metabolites, such as the highly toxic macrocyclic trichothecenes. While it is known to occur in animal feed like hay and straw as well as in water-damaged indoor environments, there is little knowledge about the occurrence of S. chartarum and its secondary metabolites in food. The objective of the present study was to examine selected dried culinary herbs for the presence of S. chartarum chemotype S, to assess the potential risk of a contamination of foods with macrocyclic trichothecenes. In total, 50 Stachybotrys isolates from different types of culinary herbs (n=100) such as marjoram (Origanum majorana Linne (L.)), oregano (Origanum vulgare L.), thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.), and savory (Satureja hortensis L.) were examined by MTT-cell culture test (effect-based bioassay), ELISA, and by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Selected toxic and non-toxic isolates (n=15) were genetically characterized by PCR and sequencing. Five isolates (10 %) were highly toxic in the MTT-cell culture test, and the production of macrocyclic trichothecenes was proven by ELISA and LC-MS/MS. These five isolates were genetically confirmed as S. chartarum chemotype S. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report about a contamination of dried culinary herbs with toxigenic S. chartarum.