Regulation of protein synthesis by branched-chain amino acids
Regulation of protein synthesis by branched-chain amino acids
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DOI：
10.1097/00075197-200101000-00008
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发表时间：
2001-01-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Jefferson, LS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kimball, SR;Jefferson, LS
历史上，氨基酸被认为是蛋白质合成的前体，也是代谢的底物。最近，氨基酸作为信使核糖核酸翻译调节因子的新作用被发现。在这一作用中，它们调节代表翻译启动中重要控制点的蛋白质的磷酸化状态，包括翻译抑制物4E-BP1和核糖体蛋白S6激酶S6K1。当口服给禁食大鼠时，支链氨基酸在刺激翻译启动方面特别有效。在支链氨基酸中，亮氨酸是最有效的。有趣的是，注射亮氨酸能刺激骨骼肌蛋白质合成的整体速度，但不能刺激肝脏蛋白质合成。然而，在肝脏中，支链氨基酸促进了以编码核糖体蛋白和翻译延伸因子为代表的一组特定mRNAs的翻译，这表明支链氨基酸上调了组织合成蛋白质的能力。(C)2001年，里平科特·威廉姆斯·威尔金斯。
Historically, amino acids have been viewed as precursors for protein synthesis as well as metabolic substrates. Recently, a new role for amino acids as regulators of mRNA translation has been identified. In this role, they modulate the phosphorylation state of proteins that represent important control points in translation initiation, including the translational repressor 4E-BP1 and the ribosomal protein S6 kinase S6K1. When administered orally to fasted rats the branched-chain amino acids are particularly effective in stimulating translation initiation. Of the branched-chain amino acids, leucine is most potent. Interestingly, leucine administration stimulates global rates of protein synthesis in skeletal muscle but not in liver. However, in liver, branched-chain amino acids enhance the translation of a particular set of mRNAs typified by those encoding the ribosomal proteins and translation elongation factors, suggesting that branched-chain amino acids upregulate the capacity of the tissue to synthesize protein. (C) 2001 Lippincott Williams Wilkins.