Implications of seasonal variation in nitrate export from forested ecosystems: a review from the hydrological perspective of ecosystem dynamics

Implications of seasonal variation in nitrate export from forested ecosystems: a review from the hydrological perspective of ecosystem dynamics
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森林生态系统硝酸盐输出季节变化的影响:从生态系统动态的水文角度进行综述

DOI:
10.1007/s11284-012-0956-2
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发表时间:
2012
影响因子:
2
通讯作者:
N.
N.
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ohte;N.

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近几十年来,森林生态系统NO3-−排放量的季节变化越来越多地被生态学家和水文学家用作生态系统营养状况的诊断指标。河流NO3−浓度季节变化的主要因素包括:(1)生态系统营养需求的季节变化;(2)水文条件下的溶质输送能力;(3)河流中营养物质的使用和供应。在这篇文章中,我展示了案例研究如何通过比较来自日本集水区的数据与先前汇编的来自北美和欧洲的研究数据来帮助阐明主导控制因素。此外,我还解释了水文和生物地球化学控制在夏季多雨(日本)和干旱(美国和欧洲东北部)的地区所产生的不同影响。水文条件的季节性变化是日本森林的主要控制因素,而美国东北部和欧洲的养分需求可能占主导地位。我强调,必须比较不同气候区域之间的季节模式,以便更普遍地解释森林生态系统中与N3−有关的生物、地球化学和水文动态的季节变化。此外,还需要进行多尺度调查,以深入了解山坡生物地球化学效应和溪流生物活动的相对贡献。
In recent decades, the seasonal variation in NO3−discharge from forest ecosystems has been used increasingly by ecologists and hydrologists as a diagnostic indicator of the nutrient status of ecosystems. Major factors underlying the seasonal patterns of stream NO3−concentration include seasonal variations in (1) ecosystem nutrient demand, (2) solute transport capability of the hydrological condition, and (3) in-stream nutrient usage and supply. In this article I show how case studies have helped elucidate the dominant controlling factors by comparing data from Japanese catchments with previously compiled data from studies in North America and Europe. Moreover, I explain the different influences that hydrological and biogeochemical controls exert in regions with rainy (Japan) and dry (northeastern United States and Europe) summers. The seasonal variation in hydrological conditions is the predominant controlling factor in Japanese forests, whereas nutrient demand may predominate in the northeastern United States and Europe. I emphasize the importance of comparing seasonal patterns among regions with differing climates to obtain more universal explanations of seasonal variations in NO3−-related biogeochemical and hydrological dynamics in a forest ecosystem. In addition, multi-scale investigations will be needed to provide insight into the relative contributions of hillslope biogeochemical effects and in-stream biological activities.
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DOI: --
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