Variability and change in the west Antarctic Peninsula marine system: Research priorities and opportunities
Variability and change in the west Antarctic Peninsula marine system: Research priorities and opportunities
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.pocean.2019.03.003
复制
发表时间：
2019-04-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Meredith, Michael P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Henley, Sian F.;Schofield, Oscar M.;Meredith, Michael P.
自世纪中期以来，南极半岛西部地区的温度和季节性冰动态发生了重大变化，对区域生态系统、海洋化学和水文特性产生了强烈影响。在21世纪，人们观察到这些变暖和海冰减少的长期趋势发生了变化，但这些变化对海洋物理、化学和高生产力大陆架生态系统生态的影响尚未完全确定。WAP货架是重要的区域磷虾股票和更高的营养级，而在物理环境和记录的生物和地球化学反应的可变性和变化的程度，使它成为一个模型系统，气候和海冰变化可能会重组高纬度生态系统。虽然这一区域可以说是南极洲周围测量得最好、了解得最多的大陆架区域，但在能够解决控制这一复杂极地系统动态和演变的大气-冰-海洋-生态系统反馈的空间和时间数据方面仍存在重大差距。在这里，我们总结了目前的知识状态的关键机制和相互作用调节的物理，地球化学和生物过程中的工作，在其中的货架环境正在发生变化的方式，以及生态系统对正在进行的变化的反应。我们概述了未来研究的跨学科优先事项，以及最重要的学科特定目标。这些优先事项和目标的基础是需要更好地界定系统各级可变性和变化的原因、程度和时间表。将传统方法和创新方法相结合，对于解决这些优先事项和为WAP大陆架建立一个协调的观测系统至关重要，这是探测和阐明未来变化所必需的。
The west Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) region has undergone significant changes in temperature and seasonal ice dynamics since the mid-twentieth century, with strong impacts on the regional ecosystem, ocean chemistry and hydrographic properties. Changes to these long-term trends of warming and sea ice decline have been observed in the 21st century, but their consequences for ocean physics, chemistry and the ecology of the high-productivity shelf ecosystem are yet to be fully established. The WAP shelf is important for regional krill stocks and higher trophic levels, whilst the degree of variability and change in the physical environment and documented biological and biogeochemical responses make this a model system for how climate and sea ice changes might restructure highlatitude ecosystems. Although this region is arguably the best-measured and best-understood shelf region around Antarctica, significant gaps remain in spatial and temporal data capable of resolving the atmosphere-ice-ocean-ecosystem feedbacks that control the dynamics and evolution of this complex polar system. Here we summarise the current state of knowledge regarding the key mechanisms and interactions regulating the physical, biogeochemical and biological processes at work, the ways in which the shelf environment is changing, and the ecosystem response to the changes underway. We outline the overarching cross-disciplinary priorities for future research, as well as the most important discipline-specific objectives. Underpinning these priorities and objectives is the need to better define the causes, magnitude and timescales of variability and change at all levels of the system. A combination of traditional and innovative approaches will be critical to addressing these priorities and developing a co-ordinated observing system for the WAP shelf, which is required to detect and elucidate change into the future.