When Nonverbal Greetings "Make It or Break It": The Role of Ethnicity and Gender in the Effect of Handshake on Social Appraisals
When Nonverbal Greetings "Make It or Break It": The Role of Ethnicity and Gender in the Effect of Handshake on Social Appraisals
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DOI：
10.1007/s10919-017-0257-0
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发表时间：
2017-12-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Dolcos, Sanda
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Katsumi, Yuta;Kim, Suhkyung;Dolcos, Sanda
尽管以前的证据表明，种族和性别差异在非语言交际中的作用，很少有研究全面调查这些因素在握手对社会交往评价的影响中的作用。在这里，88名年轻人（白人和东亚人，女性和男性的比例相等）观察和评估了一系列电影，这些电影展示了商业环境中的宾主互动。每一次互动都是以主人发起的问候协议开始的，在一半的试验中，包括握手。在问候之后是鼓励（接近）或阻止（避免）进一步互动的行为。主持人的种族和性别被操纵来描绘参与者所代表的相同类别。首先，握手对社会交往评价的影响在高加索人中比在东亚参与者中更积极。第二，握手对社会交往的评价的影响是更积极的男性比女性主机在男性参与者，而这种差异没有观察到在女性参与者。第三，高加索人对涉及接近和回避行为的社会交往的评价比东亚参与者更积极。最后，社会交往的评价，包括接近行为，女性比男性参与者更积极。总的来说，这些发现揭示了种族和性别差异在非语言行为评价中的作用，并扩展了我们对可能导致成功的社会互动的因素的理解。
Despite previous evidence identifying the role of ethnic and gender differences in nonverbal communication, few studies have comprehensively investigated the role of these factors in the effect of handshake on appraisals of social interactions. Here, 88 young adults (with equal proportions of Caucasians and East Asians, and women and men) observed and evaluated a series of movies illustrating guest-host interactions in a business setting. Each interaction started with a greeting protocol initiated by the host, which, in half of the trials, involved a handshake. The greeting was followed by a display of behaviors either encouraging (approach) or discouraging (avoidance) further interaction. Ethnicity and gender of the hosts were manipulated to depict the same categories represented by participants. First, the effect of handshake on appraisals of social interactions was more positive in Caucasian than in East Asian participants. Second, the effect of handshake on appraisals of social interactions was more positive for male than for female hosts in male participants, whereas such differences were not observed in female participants. Third, appraisals of social interactions involving approach and avoidance behaviors were more positive in Caucasian than in East Asian participants. Finally, appraisals of social interactions involving approach behaviors were more positive in female than in male participants. Overall, these findings shed light on the role of ethnic and gender differences in the appraisal of nonverbal behaviors, and extend our understanding of factors that may lead to successful social interaction in the context of growing diversity in our society.