Calcium orthophosphates (CaPO(4)): occurrence and properties.
Calcium orthophosphates (CaPO(4)): occurrence and properties.
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DOI：
10.1007/s40204-015-0045-z
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Dorozhkin SV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dorozhkin SV
本综述旨在引起读者对正磷酸钙(CaPO4)这一重要课题的关注。这类材料对人类具有特殊的意义，因为它们代表了哺乳动物主要正常(骨骼、牙齿和鹿角)和病理(即因各种疾病而出现的)钙化组织的无机部分。例如，动脉粥样硬化导致血管阻塞是由胆固醇和CaPO4的固体化合物造成的，而龋齿和骨质疏松症分别意味着牙齿和骨骼的部分脱钙，导致更难溶和更硬的生物磷灰石被更易溶和更软的氢磷酸钙取代。因此，正常钙化和病理性钙化的过程都是CaPO4在体内的结晶。类似地，龋齿和骨质疏松可能被认为是CaPO4在体内的溶解。此外，天然CaPO4是磷的主要来源，磷被用于生产农业化肥、洗涤剂和各种含磷化学品。因此，CaPO4对人类具有重要的意义，本文综述了目前对这一课题的认识。
The present overview is intended to point the readers’ attention to the important subject of calcium orthophosphates (CaPO4). This type of materials is of the special significance for the human beings because they represent the inorganic part of major normal (bones, teeth and antlers) and pathological (i.e., those appearing due to various diseases) calcified tissues of mammals. For example, atherosclerosis results in blood vessel blockage caused by a solid composite of cholesterol with CaPO4, while dental caries and osteoporosis mean a partial decalcification of teeth and bones, respectively, that results in replacement of a less soluble and harder biological apatite by more soluble and softer calcium hydrogenorthophosphates. Therefore, the processes of both normal and pathological calcifications are just an in vivo crystallization of CaPO4. Similarly, dental caries and osteoporosis might be considered as in vivo dissolution of CaPO4. In addition, natural CaPO4 are the major source of phosphorus, which is used to produce agricultural fertilizers, detergents and various phosphorus-containing chemicals. Thus, there is a great significance of CaPO4 for the humankind and, in this paper, an overview on the current knowledge on this subject is provided.