The influence of display characteristics on active pursuit and passively induced eye movements
The influence of display characteristics on active pursuit and passively induced eye movements
复制标题
显示特性对主动追踪和被动诱发眼动的影响
作者：
Graham R. Barnes;T. Hill
本文通过一系列的实验研究了位于周边视野内的小目标运动对人眼视觉反应的影响。向受试者提供单个中心定位的靶或一对偏离中心±5°、±10°和±20°的靶。目标在水平面内运动，成对的目标总是一致地运动。刺激波形由正弦或随机目标运动组成，频率范围为0.1至4 Hz，角位移为±3.5°。受试者做出了两种类型的反应。首先，他们被指示跟随单个目标或成对目标的中心点。在这种“主动”追踪条件下，随着运动目标从中心位置向最外围位置（±20°）移动，慢相眼速度的增益逐渐减小。第二，要求受试者被动地通过茫然地盯着前方来忽略目标运动。在此“被动”反应眼球震颤的眼球运动诱导的慢相眼速度也随着目标偏心率的增加而下降，但收益总是小于“主动”追求过程中引起的。“被动”响应的频率特性与“主动”响应的频率特性非常相似，在超过1 Hz的频率下发生故障。抑制“被动”响应的能力也进行了研究的介绍速示照明地球固定的目标。的响应被发现下降的固定目标的演示文稿之间的间隔从3000毫秒减少到100毫秒。有人建议，“被动”的响应起源于一个基本的速度驱动器的oculabular系统造成的图像移动整个视网膜。这种速度驱动可以通过足够的注视来消除，但是必须增强以在主动追踪期间实现期望的眼睛速度。
SummaryA series of experiments has been conducted on human subjects to examine the effect of the movement of small targets located in the peripheral visual field on oculomotor response. Subjects were presented with either a single centrally positioned target or a pair of targets displaced at angles of ±5°, ±10° and ±20° from centre. Target movement was in the horizontal plane, the paired targets always moving in unison. The stimulus waveform consisted of either a sinusoidal or random target motion encompassing a frequency range from 0.1 to 4 Hz with an angular displacement of ±3.5°. Subjects made two types of response. First they were instructed to follow the single target or the centre point of the paired targets. In this ‘active’ pursuit condition the gain of slow-phase eye velocity progressively decreased as the moving targets were moved from the central position to the most peripheral location (±20°). Secondly, subjects were required passively to ignore the target movement by staring blankly ahead. During this ‘passive’ response nystagmic eye movements were induced for which the slowphase eye velocity also decreased with increasing target eccentricity, but the gains were always less than those induced during ‘active’ pursuit. The frequency characteristics of the ‘passive’ response were very similar to those of the ‘active’ response, breaking down at frequencies beyond 1 Hz. The ability to suppress the ‘passive’ response was also investigated by the presentation of a tachistoscopically illuminated earth-fixed target. The response was found to decline as the interval between presentations of the fixation target was decreased from 3000 ms to 100 ms. It is suggested that the ‘passive’ response originates from a basic velocity drive to the oculomotor system resulting from image movement across the retina. This velocity drive may be cancelled with adequate fixation but must be enhanced to accomplish desired eye velocity during active pursuit.