Phytoliths reveal the earliest interplay of rice and broomcorn millet at the site of Shuangdun (ca. 7.3-6.8 ka BP) in the middle Huai River valley, China
Phytoliths reveal the earliest interplay of rice and broomcorn millet at the site of Shuangdun (ca. 7.3-6.8 ka BP) in the middle Huai River valley, China
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植硅体揭示了中国淮河流域双墩遗址（距今约 7.3-6.8 ka BP）最早的水稻和黍的相互作用
DOI：
10.1016/j.jas.2018.12.004
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Zhang Juzhong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Luo Wuhong;Gu Chunguang;Yang Yuzhang;Zhang Dong;Liang Zhonghe;Li Jia;Huang Chengqing;Zhang Juzhong
淮河中游地区位于新石器时代中国中东部气候、文化和农业的过渡地带，在研究中国稻粟农业的起源、发展和传播中占有重要地位。前人的研究表明，8.5kaBP以来，淮河中游地区的稻作农业已经扩展到该地区，8.5 ~ 7.5kaBP为稻作驯化的早期阶段，而该地区最早发现粟属遗迹的年代要晚于约7000年。5.0 ka BP。然而，7.5ka BP后该地区的水稻驯化过程，以及新石器时代谷子和高粱何时何地分别进入该山谷并与水稻相互作用，仍然是未知的。双墩文化遗址是淮河中游地区具有代表性的一个文化遗址，距今约7.3- 6.8kaBP。结果表明，在8.5- 7.5kaBP期间，双墩遗址的水稻以粳稻为主，稻泡状和双峰型颖壳细胞的形态和形态计量学分析表明，稻泡状和双峰型颖壳细胞的驯化率高于顺山集遗址，而糜子的数量和普遍性分析表明，糜子的驯化率很低。我们的数据延长了近2000年的记录，在淮河流域中部的高粱谷子使用。本文的分析不仅为阐明淮河中游地区农作物结构的转变和稻作的驯化过程提供了重要证据，而且为绘制新石器时代稻粟在中国中东部地区传播的时空路径提供了线索。
The middle Huai River valley, located in the climatic, cultural and agricultural transitional zone in the central-eastern China during the Neolithic, occupies an important position in the study of the origins, development and spread of rice and millet farming in China. Previous studies indicate that rice agriculture has extended to the middle Huai River valley since 8.5 ka BP, and rice domestication was in the early stage between 8.5 and 7.5 ka BP, while the earliest evidence of millet remains discovered in this region was as late as ca. 5.0 ka BP. However, the process of rice domestication after 7.5 ka BP in this region, and when and where foxtail millet and broomcorn millet first extended respectively into this valley and interplayed with rice during the Neolithic period are still unknown. In this study, phytolith analysis of the soil samples from the Shuangdun site during the archaeological excavation, which is a representative site of the Shuangdun Culture in the middle Huai River valley dating back to 7.3–6.8 ka BP, reveals evidence of crops in the middle Huai River valley, China. Our results show that rice withjaponicacharacteristics was the dominant crop at the Shuangdun site, which had a higher domestication rate than that at the Shunshanji site during 8.5–7.5 ka BP in terms of the morphological and morphometric analyses of rice bulliform and double-peaked glume cells, while broomcorn millet only occupied a small proportion of the total amount based on analysis of the quantity and ubiquity of phytoliths. Our data extend the record of broomcorn millet use in the middle Huai River valley by nearly 2000 years. The analysis in this paper not only provides significant evidence for illustrating the transformation of crop structure and the domestication process of rice in the middle Huai River valley, but also brings some clues for mapping the spatiotemporal route for the spread of rice and millets in central-eastern China during the Neolithic.