Issues of Local and Global Use of Water From the Amazon
Issues of Local and Global Use of Water From the Amazon
复制标题
当地和全球使用亚马逊水的问题
DOI：
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发表时间：
2004
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Clüsener
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. E. Aragón;M. Clüsener
水已成为新世纪最关键的问题之一，对可持续的生态系统管理当然至关重要。本专著的目的是为关于水的讨论作出实质性贡献，并突出对人类生存至关重要的当前问题。一些地区缺水而另一些地区水资源丰富，水的退化和整个流域的污染已经导致了区域性冲突，甚至全球性冲突。亚马逊河流域的分水岭内蕴藏着全世界15%的淡水资源，它已成为一种被覆盖的资源，是国际辩论的主题，也是国际渴望的目标。鉴于世界上许多地区的水资源短缺，亚马逊流域的特殊情况可能会激发错误的政治决定，以纠正这种不平衡，而这可能会破坏特定生态系统中水资源的可持续利用，并引发大规模灾难。这将需要坚实的科学投入。国际合作是必要的，以便公开地正面解决最关键的问题。必须找到解决问题的新方法以及新的合作途径，不仅是在直接有关的国家之间，而且还包括世界其他国家。因此，标题目前的专著。当地和全球使用亚马逊水的问题。编写本专著的目的是为上述辩论提供科学投入。它也是对2003年3月在日本京都举行的第三届世界水论坛的贡献。这份出版物所选的论文是从2002年6月和2003年3月在巴西贝伦举行的两次国际研讨会上所作的发言中挑选出来的，这两次研讨会有来自该区域的200多人参加，并汇集了在亚马孙地区八个国家从事与水有关的专题工作的一系列知名人士。巴西联邦科学和技术部长出席了2003年的研讨会。这些研讨会是在南南合作方案的框架内由教科文组织/人与生物圈、联合国大学和贝伦的帕拉大学联合举办的。它们也是人与生物圈计划和教科文组织国际水文计划之间合作的一部分。这本专著的章节涉及许多与水资源丰富的生态系统中的淡水相关的相互关联的主题。有关于亚马逊水循环，污染，河流运输，能源问题，地缘政治，制度框架，水资源管理和国际合作的部分。
Water has become one of the most critical issues of the new century and is certainly of vital importance to sustainable ecosystem management. The objective of the present monograph is to contribute substantially to discussion on water and highlight current issues that are essential of the survival of humankind. Scarcity of water in some regions and abundance of water in others, degradation of water and pollution of entire watersheds have already led to regional and even global conflicts. The Amazon basin, which contains 15% of the words freshwater resources within its watershed, has become a covered resource, the subject of international debate and the object of international desire. Given the water shortage in many regions of the word, the privileged situation of the Amazon basin could inspire misguided political decisions to right the imbalance at the risk of undermining the sustainable use of water resources in specific ecosystem and unleashing large-scale catastrophes. The will demand solid scientific input. International co-operation is needed in order to tackle head on openly the most critical issues. New approaches to problem-solving must be found as well as new avenues for co-operation, not between only the countries immediately concerned but also involving the rest o the word. Hence the title present monograph. Issues of Local and Global use of Water from the Amazon. The current monograph was prepared to provide scientific input to the abovementioned debate. It also was a contribution to the Third Word Water Forum held in Kyoto, Japan, in March 2003. Papers selected for this publication were chosen from presentations given at two international seminars in Belem, Brazil, in June 2002 and March 2003, which involved more 200 people from the region and brought together a series of eminent personalities working on water-related topics in the eight countries of the Amazon region. The Federal Minister for Science and Technology of Brazil was present at the 2003 seminar. The seminars were jointly organized within the framework of the South-South Co-operation Programme by UNESCO/MAB, UNU and the university of Para, Belem. They were also part of a collaboration between MAB and UNESCOs International Hydrological Programme. The chapters of this monograph deal with many interrelated topics associated with freshwater in ecosystems with abundant water resource. There are sections about the water cycle in the Amazon, pollution, fluvial transport, energy issues, geopolitics, institutional framework, water resource management, and international co-operation.