Psychogenic Stress in Hospitalized Dogs: Cross Species Comparisons, Implications for Health Care, and the Challenges of Evaluation.
Psychogenic Stress in Hospitalized Dogs: Cross Species Comparisons, Implications for Health Care, and the Challenges of Evaluation.
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DOI：
10.3390/ani4020331
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发表时间：
2014-06-16
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Sharp CR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hekman JP;Karas AZ;Sharp CR
压力对动物健康结果的影响已有充分记录。兽医临床医生可以通过更好地了解如何识别和减轻患者的压力来改善患者的护理。这篇综述将描述哺乳动物应激反应的生理学以及心因性而非身体性压力的已知健康后果；以及测量动物压力的方法。虽然该审查将解决一系列家养物种的压力，但它将特别关注狗。在一系列家养物种中，已有证据证明心因性应激对健康造成影响。对住院动物心因性应激的识别方法和缓解方法的总体了解可以说是临床医生为改善狗和其他兽医患者的福祉和健康而不断努力的一个重要特征。本综述的目的是描述不同物种的：应激综合征的生理学，特别关注下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴；心因性压力的原因和特征；应激引起的免疫功能障碍的机制和后遗症；以及压力对健康结果的其他不利影响。接下来，我们描述了压力测量的一般方面以及可以预测住院动物（特别是狗）压力的生理测量和行为信号的作用。
The effects of stress on health outcomes in animals are well documented. Veterinary clinicians may be able to improve their patients’ care by better understanding how to recognize and reduce stress in those patients. This review will describe the physiology of the mammalian stress response and known health consequences of psychogenic, rather than physical, stress; as well as methods of measuring stress in animals. While the review will address stress in a range of domestic species, it will specifically focus on dogs. Evidence to support the existence of health consequences of psychogenic stress has been documented across a range of domestic species. A general understanding of methods of recognition and means of mitigation of psychogenic stress in hospitalized animals is arguably an important feature of the continuing efforts of clinicians to improve the well-being and health of dogs and other veterinary patients. The intent of this review is to describe, in a variety of species: the physiology of the stress syndrome, with particular attention to the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis; causes and characteristics of psychogenic stress; mechanisms and sequelae of stress-induced immune dysfunction; and other adverse effects of stress on health outcomes. Following that, we describe general aspects of the measurement of stress and the role of physiological measures and behavioral signals that may predict stress in hospitalized animals, specifically focusing on dogs.